Seppälä M, Hyyppä M T, Impivaara O, Knuts L R, Sourander L
Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.
Aging (Milano). 1997 Oct;9(5):327-34. doi: 10.1007/BF03339611.
To investigate the characteristics and subjective quality of sleep, the use of hypnotics and their correlates in an urban elderly population, a structured interview was administered to a stratified random sample of 600 elderly subjects in five age groups. Interrupted sleep and napping were common; nonetheless, 88% of the subjects considered their sleep at least satisfactory. According to specific criteria, 17% were good, 72% moderate and 11% poor sleepers. Habitual insomnia was reported by 12% of the subjects. Quality of sleep did not differ between age groups or genders. Hypnotics were habitually used by 8% of the men and 25% of the women. Consumption increased with age in both sexes, and 77% of the hypnotics were benzodiazepines. In multivariate regression analyses, insomnia and habitual use of hypnotics were associated with poor health, but only the latter with age and gender. As a conclusion, most of the subjects considered their sleep satisfactory, and aging itself did not seem to have an effect on the quality of sleep. The use of hypnotics was common, more prevalent in women and increased with age. Aging and poor health were independently associated with the use of hypnotics, but not with poor quality of sleep or insomnia.
为调查城市老年人群的睡眠特征、主观睡眠质量、催眠药物的使用情况及其相关因素，对五个年龄组的600名老年受试者进行分层随机抽样，并进行结构化访谈。睡眠中断和小睡很常见；尽管如此，88%的受试者认为他们的睡眠至少令人满意。根据特定标准，17%的受试者睡眠良好，72%中等，11%较差。12%的受试者报告有习惯性失眠。不同年龄组和性别之间的睡眠质量没有差异。8%的男性和25%的女性习惯性使用催眠药物。两性的催眠药物消费量均随年龄增长而增加，且77%的催眠药物为苯二氮䓬类。在多变量回归分析中，失眠和习惯性使用催眠药物与健康状况不佳有关，但只有后者与年龄和性别有关。结论是，大多数受试者认为他们的睡眠令人满意，衰老本身似乎对睡眠质量没有影响。催眠药物的使用很常见，在女性中更为普遍，且随年龄增长而增加。衰老和健康状况不佳与催眠药物的使用独立相关，但与睡眠质量差或失眠无关。
