Redondo-Martínez M P, Salcedo-Aguilar F, García-Jiménez M A, Monterde-Aznar M L, Rodríguez-Almonacid F M, Marcos-Navarro A I
Unidad Docente de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, Cuenca.
Aten Primaria. 2000 Apr 15;25(6):400-4. doi: 10.1016/s0212-6567(00)78530-1.
Insomnia is the most common sleeping disorder, increasing as people get older, which therefore creates an increase in the use of hypnotics. The presence of insomnia in elderly people, according to different authors, ranges between 17 and 43% depending on the criteria of diagnosis used and the group of population studied. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of insomnia in a population of 65 years and over in a Basic Health Area and the medical consumption related to it.
A cross sectional study by means of an ad hoc questionnaire about sleeping habits given by medical staff, including social demographic variables, psychotropic medication consumption, cognitive assessment by means of Mini Mental Status Examination and a range of anxiety-depression of Goldberg. Hartman and DSM-IV criteria were used for the insomnia diagnosis.
Cuenca I Primary Care Center, Cuenca (Spain).
A random sample of 343 patients of a population of 2253, 65 years and over.
The prevalence found was 13.6% (Hartman) and 30.7% (DSM-IV) more common amongst women (p < 0.005), sufferers of psychiatric illnesses (p < 0.01) and those at the top-half of the anxiety-depression scale (p < 0.001). A 46.1% suffer from daylight hypersomniac. A 19.1% takes some kind of medication to help them sleep and the 74.6% of them take it daily. Long and short plasma half-life benzodiazepines are the most consumed, with women and insomniacs being the majority consumers.
The prevalence of insomnia in our population is slightly inferior to that of other studies and the consumption of sleep-enhancing medication although inappropriate is similar to that referred to in literature.
失眠是最常见的睡眠障碍，且随着年龄增长而增多，因此催眠药物的使用也随之增加。根据不同作者的研究，老年人失眠的发生率在17%至43%之间，具体取决于所采用的诊断标准和所研究的人群。本研究的目的是确定某基本卫生区域内65岁及以上人群中失眠的患病率及其相关医疗消费情况。
通过医护人员发放的关于睡眠习惯的特制问卷进行横断面研究，问卷包括社会人口统计学变量、精神药物消费情况、通过简易精神状态检查表进行的认知评估以及戈德堡焦虑抑郁量表。采用哈特曼和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准进行失眠诊断。
昆卡市第一初级保健中心（西班牙昆卡）。
从2253名65岁及以上人群中随机抽取343名患者。
所发现的患病率为13.6%（哈特曼标准）和30.7%（《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准），在女性中更为常见（p<0.005），在患有精神疾病的患者中更为常见（p<0.01），在焦虑抑郁量表得分处于上半部分的人群中更为常见（p<0.001）。46.1%的人存在日间过度嗜睡。19.1%的人服用某种药物助眠，其中74.6%的人每天服用。长效和短效血浆半衰期苯二氮䓬类药物的消费量最大，女性和失眠患者是主要消费群体。
我们所研究人群中失眠的患病率略低于其他研究，尽管使用助眠药物并不恰当，但其消费量与文献中提及的相似。
