Lorraine V, Allen S, Lockett A, Rutledge C M
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, USA.
Fam Med. 1998 Jan;30(1):15-8.
Using activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) as a focus, faculty at Eastern Virginia Medical School provide an aging simulation exercise for a mandatory fourth-year clerkship in geriatrics. The specific aims of the simulation are to 1) experience the physical frailties of aging, 2) develop creative problem-solving techniques, 3) identify feelings regarding the experience of functional loss, and 4) develop proactive clinical approaches to the care of the elderly.
Students are assigned one of four diagnoses (Parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, advanced diabetes, or stroke) and are then impaired to simulate the frailties of the condition, using a variety of clothes, bindings, and other devices. In their "impaired states," they perform ADLs and IADLs, such as paying bills, organizing their pills, shopping, toileting, dressing, and eating.
Evaluation results show the aging simulation to be the highest rated program in the clerkship. A pre- and post-course survey on attitudes toward the elderly showed a statistically significant improvement in students' attitudes toward the elderly following the course.
Simulation exercises in aging are useful activities for helping students better understand the feelings and needs of the elderly.
以日常生活活动（ADL）和工具性日常生活活动（IADL）为重点，东弗吉尼亚医学院的教员为四年级老年医学必修实习课程开展了一次衰老模拟练习。该模拟练习的具体目标是：1）体验衰老带来的身体虚弱；2）培养创造性解决问题的技巧；3）识别与功能丧失体验相关的感受；4）制定积极主动的老年人护理临床方法。
学生被分配四种诊断中的一种（帕金森病、类风湿性关节炎、晚期糖尿病或中风），然后使用各种衣物、束缚装置和其他器具来模拟病情导致的身体虚弱。在“身体虚弱状态”下，他们进行ADL和IADL活动，如支付账单、整理药物、购物、如厕、穿衣和进食。
评估结果显示，衰老模拟练习是该实习课程中评分最高的项目。一项关于对老年人态度的课程前后调查显示，课程结束后学生对老年人的态度有统计学上的显著改善。
衰老模拟练习是帮助学生更好地理解老年人感受和需求的有益活动。
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