Müller H L
Med Microbiol Immunol. 1979;167(4):211-22. doi: 10.1007/BF02120806.
While the antigen structure of yeast cell walls is well known, the immunological cross reactivity of these is often difficult to interpret. The cross reactions of eight yeasts were tested in rabbit hyperimmune sera by the indirect immunofluorescence test. Among the eight species examined were the medically important yeasts C. albicans, C. pseudotropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, T. glabrata, and C. guilliermondii and the apathogenic yeast S. cerevisiae. It has been shown, that there is no correlation between the number of common antigens and the degree of cross reactivity which give identical titers. Therefore it appears, that the quantitative contributions of the single antigens have an important rule, i.e., some antigens are immunogenic in one species while having only hapten characteristics in another. Further the results show that in infections with C. krusei, C. pseudotropicalis, and C. guilliermondii homologous antigens have to be used for the serological diagnosis. The testing of human sera with the yeast antigens by the same methods showed that the strikingly distributions of the Candida titer and the Saccharomyces titer were similar. A larger number of sera of healthy people and patients were compared in the hemagglutination test. These results showed that pathological C. albicans titers cannot be caused by S, cerevisiae antibodies.
虽然酵母细胞壁的抗原结构已为人熟知，但这些抗原的免疫交叉反应性往往难以解释。通过间接免疫荧光试验，在兔超免疫血清中检测了8种酵母的交叉反应。在所检测的8个菌种中，有具有医学重要性的酵母白色念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、副热带念珠菌、热带念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、季也蒙念珠菌以及无致病性的酵母酿酒酵母。结果表明，共同抗原的数量与产生相同滴度的交叉反应程度之间没有相关性。因此，似乎单个抗原的定量贡献起着重要作用，即某些抗原在一个菌种中具有免疫原性，而在另一个菌种中仅具有半抗原特性。此外，结果表明，在克柔念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和季也蒙念珠菌感染中，血清学诊断必须使用同源抗原。用相同方法检测人血清与酵母抗原，结果显示念珠菌滴度和酿酒酵母滴度的显著分布相似。在血凝试验中比较了大量健康人和患者的血清。这些结果表明，病理性白色念珠菌滴度不是由酿酒酵母抗体引起的。
