Potter D A, Moreno A, Luther M F, Eddy C A, Siler-Khodr T M, King T S, Schenken R S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7836, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998 Jan;178(1 Pt 1):118-25. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70637-4.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of daily follicular-phase cocaine administration on menstrual cyclicity, gonadotropin and ovarian steroid levels, ovulation rates, and corpus luteum function in cycling rhesus monkeys.
Thirteen normally cycling, drug-naive adult rhesus monkeys were randomized to receive daily intravenous injections of either 4 mg/kg cocaine or an equal volume of saline solution. Treated animals were yoked to pair-fed controls to minimize differences in caloric intake. Daily blood samples were obtained through indwelling catheters for measurement of serum gonadotropin and ovarian steroid levels. Daily vaginal swabs were obtained to determine the onset of menses. Laparoscopy was performed 2 days after the midcycle estrogen peak to check for ovulation. Daily caloric intakes and pretreatment and posttreatment weights were recorded.
All six of the control monkeys had laparoscopically confirmed ovulation compared with one of seven in the cocaine-treated group (p < 0.004). Cycle length was normal in five of six controls versus one of seven cocaine-treated monkeys. Estradiol levels were significantly higher in the controls versus the cocaine-treated monkeys (p = 0.01) during the first 14 days of the treatment cycle. There were no differences in basal plasma gonadotropin levels between groups. Luteal-phase lengths and luteal-phase plasma progesterone levels were similar in the controls and the single ovulatory cocaine-treated monkey. There were no significant differences in weight change or caloric intake between the two groups.
Daily follicular-phase cocaine administration disrupts menstrual cyclicity and folliculogenesis independent of weight loss, caloric intake, and basal gonadotropin levels.
本研究旨在评估在卵泡期每日给予可卡因对恒河猴月经周期、促性腺激素和卵巢甾体激素水平、排卵率及黄体功能的影响。
13只月经周期正常、未接触过药物的成年恒河猴被随机分为两组，分别接受每日静脉注射4mg/kg可卡因或等量的生理盐水。对接受治疗的动物，为其配对进食量相同的对照动物，以尽量减少热量摄入差异。通过留置导管每日采集血样，测定血清促性腺激素和卵巢甾体激素水平。每日采集阴道拭子以确定月经来潮时间。在月经周期中期雌激素高峰后2天进行腹腔镜检查以确认排卵情况。记录每日热量摄入以及治疗前和治疗后的体重。
所有6只对照猴经腹腔镜检查确认有排卵，而可卡因治疗组的7只猴子中只有1只排卵（p<0.004）。6只对照猴中有5只月经周期正常，而可卡因治疗的7只猴子中只有1只正常。在治疗周期的前14天，对照组的雌二醇水平显著高于可卡因治疗组的猴子（p = 0.01）。两组之间基础血浆促性腺激素水平无差异。对照组和单只排卵的可卡因治疗猴的黄体期长度和黄体期血浆孕酮水平相似。两组之间体重变化和热量摄入无显著差异。
在卵泡期每日给予可卡因会破坏月经周期和卵泡生成，且与体重减轻、热量摄入及基础促性腺激素水平无关。
