Olsen T W, Aaberg S Y, Geroski D H, Edelhauser H F
Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1998 Feb;125(2):237-41. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(99)80096-8.
To assess the mean thickness and surface area of human sclera.
Fifty-five formalin-fixed eye bank eyes were hemisected from anterior to posterior. Cross-sectional slides were taken to include a millimeter scale ruler in each photograph. Slide photographs were projected and the scleral silhouette sketched. Mean scleral thickness measurements with standard deviation were obtained. Twenty-five human eye bank eyes were used to determine total scleral surface area by either a computerized tracing method (17 globes) or volumetric calculations (eight globes) using fluid displacement.
Mean scleral thickness +/- SD was 0.53 +/- 0.14 mm at the corneoscleral limbus, significantly decreasing to 0.39 +/- 0.17 mm near the equator, and increasing to 0.9 to 1.0 mm near the optic nerve. The mean total scleral surface area by surface area computerized tracings was 16.3 +/- 1.8 cm2 and, by the volume displacement method, was 17.0 +/- 1.5 cm2.
Scleral thickness and surface area measurements from cadaver eyes are important for ophthalmic surgeons and have implications for transscleral diffusion.
评估人巩膜的平均厚度和表面积。
将55只经福尔马林固定的眼库眼球从前向后对半切开。制作横断面玻片，每张照片中均包含一把毫米刻度尺。投射玻片照片并勾勒出巩膜轮廓。获得平均巩膜厚度测量值及标准差。使用25只眼库眼球，通过计算机追踪法（17个眼球）或使用液体置换的体积计算法（8个眼球）来确定巩膜总表面积。
角膜缘处巩膜平均厚度±标准差为0.53±0.14毫米，在赤道附近显著降至0.39±0.17毫米，在视神经附近增至0.9至1.0毫米。通过表面积计算机追踪法测得的巩膜总表面积平均值为16.3±1.8平方厘米，通过体积置换法测得的值为17.0±1.5平方厘米。
尸体眼球的巩膜厚度和表面积测量值对眼科医生很重要，且对经巩膜扩散有影响。
