Routley V H, Ozanne-Smith J
Monash University Accident Research Centre, Melbourne, VIC.
Med J Aust. 1998 Jan 19;168(2):65-7. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb126713.x.
To examine the trends in motor vehicle exhaust gas suicides since 1970 and to investigate the impact of catalytic converters.
Australia-wide database analyses and a retrospective stratified series of 100 Victorian cases.
Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1970-1995; Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, National Injury Surveillance Unit, 1991/92-1995/96; Victorian Coroner's files, 1994-1996.
There were 509 motor vehicle exhaust gas suicides in Australia in 1995, representing 22% of total suicides. Since the 1986 requirements for reduced carbon monoxide emissions from new vehicles (and thus the use of catalytic converters), the absolute numbers and rates of such suicides have increased, and they have come to represent a larger percentage of total suicides. Of 75 Victorian victims' vehicles traced, 36% were manufactured during or after 1986, showing that exhaust gas suicides have occurred in vehicles with catalytic converters. Blood carboxyhaemoglobin levels did not differ between victims using vehicles with or without catalytic converters. Between 1976 and 1991 exhaust gas suicides increased at a faster rate than motor vehicle registrations. Australian hospital admissions for exhaust gas suicide attempts have increased substantially since 1991-1992.
Catalytic converters and the associated lower CO emission limits of 9.3 g/km had not, by 1995, resulted in a reduction in numbers, rates or percentages of exhaust gas suicides in Australia.
研究1970年以来机动车尾气自杀的趋势，并调查催化转化器的影响。
全澳大利亚范围的数据库分析以及对100例维多利亚州案例的回顾性分层系列研究。
澳大利亚统计局，1970 - 1995年；澳大利亚卫生与福利研究所，国家伤害监测部门，1991/92 - 1995/96年；维多利亚州验尸官档案，1994 - 1996年。
1995年澳大利亚有509例机动车尾气自杀事件，占自杀总数的22%。自1986年对新车一氧化碳减排（即使用催化转化器）提出要求以来，此类自杀事件的绝对数量和发生率均有所上升，且在自杀总数中所占比例更大。在追踪的75辆维多利亚州受害者车辆中，36%是1986年及以后制造的，这表明装有催化转化器的车辆也发生过尾气自杀事件。使用装有或未装有催化转化器车辆的受害者血液中碳氧血红蛋白水平并无差异。1976年至1991年，尾气自杀事件的增长速度快于机动车注册量。自1991 - 1992年以来，澳大利亚因尾气自杀未遂而住院的人数大幅增加。
到1995年，催化转化器以及相关的每公里9.3克的一氧化碳排放下限并未使澳大利亚尾气自杀事件的数量、发生率或比例有所下降。
