Lioudyno M, Skoglösa Y, Takei N, Lindholm D
Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden.
J Neurosci Res. 1998 Jan 15;51(2):243-56. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980115)51:2<243::AID-JNR13>3.0.CO;2-9.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a recently discovered neuropeptide which is present both in the central and peripheral nervous system of adult rats. Here we show that PACAP is also expressed by dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons of embryonic and newborn rats. To characterize the effects of PACAP on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, dissociated cultures were established and incubated in the absence or presence of this neuropeptide. The results show that PACAP increases the survival of cultured DRG neurons, and the effect was comparable to that of nerve growth factor (NGF). In DRG explants, PACAP induces the immunoreactivity for the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). PACAP also promoted the outgrowth of neurites in the DRG cultures. The present results show that PACAP acts as a trophic factor for DRG neurons and that it is able to modulate the expression of another neuropeptide in the ganglia. The presence of PACAP in normal DRG and after nerve lesions suggests that PACAP acts in a autocrine/paracrine manner possibly in conjunction with other neurotrophic factors such as nerve growth factor.
垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）是一种最近发现的神经肽，在成年大鼠的中枢和外周神经系统中均有存在。在此我们表明，PACAP在胚胎期和新生大鼠的背根神经节感觉神经元中也有表达。为了表征PACAP对背根神经节（DRG）神经元的作用，建立了原代培养物，并在有无这种神经肽的情况下进行培养。结果表明，PACAP可提高培养的DRG神经元的存活率，其效果与神经生长因子（NGF）相当。在DRG外植体中，PACAP可诱导神经肽降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）的免疫反应性。PACAP还促进了DRG培养物中神经突的生长。目前的结果表明，PACAP作为DRG神经元的一种营养因子，能够调节神经节中另一种神经肽的表达。正常DRG以及神经损伤后PACAP的存在表明，PACAP可能以自分泌/旁分泌的方式发挥作用，可能与其他神经营养因子如神经生长因子共同作用。
