What is the nature of asthma and where are the therapeutic targets?

The characterisation of chronic asthma as an inflammatory condition of the human airway, associated with heightened airway responsiveness to a variety of bronchial stimuli, has lead to the clarification of therapeutic strategies. These strategies have focused on bronchodilation and attenuation of airway inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids effectively reduce chronic inflammation and produce substantial symptomatic relief in most patients. This article examines the pathophysiology of asthma and discusses the interpretation of current methods of assessment, and the targets and actions of inhaled anti-asthmatic drugs in relationship to central and peripheral airway events.