普通人群中自我报告的颈肩和下背部症状的决定因素。
Determinants of self-reported neck-shoulder and low back symptoms in a general population.
作者信息
Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Hedberg G E, Janlert U, Jansson E
机构信息
Department of Physiology and Technology, National Institute for Working Life, Umeå, Sweden.
出版信息
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1998 Jan 15;23(2):235-43. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199801150-00017.
STUDY DESIGN
A combined cross-sectional and longitudinal design.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate relation between, on one hand, self-reported neck-shoulder symptoms and, on the other hand, low back symptoms and self-reported work-related physical load, psychosocial factors, and individual characteristics and to study the influence of physical capacity in adolescence on neck-shoulder and low back symptoms in adulthood.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Heavy physical work and exposure to vibration constitute risk factors for low back problems, and repetitive and static work are risk factors for neck-shoulder symptoms in many jobs. The interplay between individual factors and work-related psychosocial and physical exposure, however, is not well documented. This study addresses effects of adolescent capacity on this interplay in a general population.
METHODS
A random sample of 425 Swedish students was investigated when the students were 16 years and 34 years of age. Sixty-five percent participated in both examinations; only those who worked > or = 16 hours/week at the follow-up period, 148 men and 90 women, were included in these analyses. Data about musculoskeletal symptoms, work, and sociodemographic and individual characteristics were collected at the age of 34 years; physical performance data were collected at the ages of 16 years and 34 years.
RESULTS
Among the men, self-employment and worry were associated with neck-shoulder symptoms; among the women, monotonous work and high decision latitude were associated with neck-shoulder symptoms. Low back problems were related to monotonous work among men and women and to exposure to vibration among men. Performance in certain fitness tests at the ages of 16 years and 34 years was negatively associated with musculoskeletal symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
The inverse relationships between performance at the age of 16 years and adult musculoskeletal symptoms may imply benefits of early fitness training.
研究设计
横断面与纵向相结合的设计。
目的
一方面调查自我报告的颈肩症状与另一方面的腰痛症状以及自我报告的与工作相关的身体负荷、社会心理因素和个体特征之间的关系，并研究青少年时期的身体能力对成年期颈肩和腰痛症状的影响。
背景数据总结
繁重的体力劳动和接触振动是腰痛问题的危险因素，而重复性和静态工作是许多工作中颈肩症状的危险因素。然而，个体因素与工作相关的社会心理和身体暴露之间的相互作用尚未得到充分记录。本研究探讨了青少年能力对普通人群中这种相互作用的影响。
方法
对425名瑞典学生进行随机抽样调查，分别在他们16岁和34岁时进行。65%的学生参加了两次检查；仅将在随访期间每周工作≥16小时的148名男性和90名女性纳入这些分析。在34岁时收集有关肌肉骨骼症状、工作以及社会人口学和个体特征的数据；在16岁和34岁时收集身体机能数据。
结果
在男性中，自主创业和焦虑与颈肩症状相关；在女性中，单调的工作和高决策自由度与颈肩症状相关。男性和女性的腰痛问题都与单调的工作有关，男性还与接触振动有关。16岁和34岁时某些体能测试的表现与肌肉骨骼症状呈负相关。
结论
16岁时的表现与成人肌肉骨骼症状之间的负相关关系可能意味着早期体能训练有益。
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