Chen H X, Ryan P A, Ferguson R P, Yataco A, Markowitz J A, Raksis K
Department of Medicine, The Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Feb;46(2):153-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb02531.x.
To examine demographic and clinical features of older AIDS patients in comparison with younger individuals.
Data base review.
Maryland AIDS Registry from 1981 through the end of 1994.
All registered Maryland AIDS cases greater than or equal to 60 years of age at diagnosis and all Maryland AIDS cases aged 20 to 39.
Demographic features, mode of transmission and change in mode over time, clinical presentations, CD4+ counts, and survival time.
A total of 321 (2.7%) AIDS cases diagnosed in Maryland were people 60 years of age or older compared with 7511 cases (63.9%) in people aged 20 to 39 years. The proportion of whites was higher in the older group, but the gender distribution was similar to younger counterparts. Transfusion was the primary cause of exposure of 32% of the older people with AIDS; however, during the last few years, sexual transmission and drug abuse have been implicated more frequently. Twelve percent of older patients had no reported risk factors compared with 4% of younger AIDS patients. The most common presenting AIDS indicator disease in older cases was Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Wasting syndrome, candidiasis, and HIV encephalopathy also occurred frequently. Median life span was 9 months compared with 22 months in the young.
Our study demonstrates that transfusion is no longer the leading cause of AIDS in older people in Maryland. The relatively increased prominence of transmission by other modes in this age group raises the importance of preventive and educational measures. Older patients generally have a shorter survival than younger individuals.
比较老年艾滋病患者与年轻患者的人口统计学和临床特征。
数据库回顾。
1981年至1994年底的马里兰州艾滋病登记处。
所有在诊断时年龄大于或等于60岁的马里兰州登记艾滋病病例以及所有年龄在20至39岁的马里兰州艾滋病病例。
人口统计学特征、传播方式及其随时间的变化、临床表现、CD4 + 细胞计数和生存时间。
在马里兰州诊断出的艾滋病病例中，共有321例（2.7%）年龄在60岁及以上，而年龄在20至39岁的有7511例（63.9%）。老年组中白人比例较高，但性别分布与年轻组相似。输血是32%老年艾滋病患者感染的主要原因；然而，在过去几年中，性传播和药物滥用的关联更为频繁。12%的老年患者没有报告的危险因素，而年轻艾滋病患者这一比例为4%。老年病例中最常见的艾滋病指示性疾病是卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。消瘦综合征、念珠菌病和HIV脑病也很常见。老年患者的中位生存期为9个月，而年轻患者为22个月。
我们的研究表明，输血不再是马里兰州老年人艾滋病的主要病因。该年龄组中其他传播方式相对增加的突出程度凸显了预防和教育措施的重要性。老年患者的生存期通常比年轻患者短。
