Fischer J E, Fanconi S
Department of Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care, University of Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Pediatrics. 1998 Mar;101(3 Pt 1):477-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.101.3.477.
Peripheral venous cannulation is the preferred method of inserting central venous silastic catheters in premature infants. The standard techniques are placement of the catheter using a breakaway introducer needle or introduction of the catheter through a cannula. In extremely low birth weight infants (<1000 g) successful cannulation is impeded by the small size of the vessels. After repeated attempts, both procedures can be time-consuming and stressful to the infant. We present a modified insertion technique of the standard 2-French silastic catheter with an increased success rate, thus reducing insertion time, stress to the infant, and costs. The method uses the tip of a 20-gauge cannula as dilator/introducer for the 2-French catheter. This tip is inserted into the vessel with a standard 24-gauge cannula. After successful insertion of the dilator/introducer cannula, the standard 2-French catheter can then be advanced easily.
外周静脉置管是早产儿插入中心静脉硅橡胶导管的首选方法。标准技术是使用可分离导入针放置导管或通过套管插入导管。在极低出生体重儿（<1000g）中，血管细小会阻碍置管成功。经过多次尝试，这两种操作对婴儿来说都可能耗时且造成压力。我们提出一种改良的标准2F硅橡胶导管插入技术，成功率更高，从而减少了插入时间、对婴儿的压力和成本。该方法使用20号套管的尖端作为2F导管的扩张器/导入器。将此尖端与标准24号套管一起插入血管。在成功插入扩张器/导入器套管后，标准2F导管随后即可轻松推进。
