Carr R E
Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854-5635, USA.
J Psychosom Res. 1998 Jan;44(1):43-52. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3999(97)00137-2.
The presence of asthma is a risk factor for the development of panic disorder. The co-occurrence of panic disorder and asthma is greater than would be expected based on their individual prevalence rates. This may be due in part to the important role of respiratory factors in panic disorder. Panic and anxiety can directly exacerbate asthma symptoms through hyperventilation, and are associated with patients' overuse of as-needed asthma medications, with more frequent hospital admission and longer hospital stays, and with more frequent steroid treatment, all of which are independent of degree of objective pulmonary impairment. The study of panic disorder among asthmatics can contribute to improved medical outcome for this subgroup, while also improving our understanding of the biological and psychological etiology of panic. This article will review the literature on this relationship by examining how panic disorder and panic symptoms affect the course of asthma, how asthma affects the symptoms and physiology of panic disorder, and the consequent research implications of this relationship.
哮喘的存在是惊恐障碍发生的一个风险因素。惊恐障碍与哮喘的共病情况比根据它们各自的患病率所预期的更为常见。这可能部分归因于呼吸因素在惊恐障碍中所起的重要作用。惊恐和焦虑可通过过度换气直接加重哮喘症状，并且与患者按需使用哮喘药物的过度行为、更频繁的住院和更长的住院时间以及更频繁的类固醇治疗相关，所有这些均与客观肺功能损害程度无关。对哮喘患者中惊恐障碍的研究有助于改善该亚组的医疗结局，同时也有助于增进我们对惊恐障碍生物学和心理学病因的理解。本文将通过审视惊恐障碍和惊恐症状如何影响哮喘病程、哮喘如何影响惊恐障碍的症状和生理状况以及这种关系的后续研究意义来回顾关于这种关系的文献。
