Zavras A I, al-Bultan T, Jackson A, White G
Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
J Clin Pediatr Dent. 1997 Summer;21(4):295-303.
The purpose of this study was to assess the nasal volume and the cross-sectional areas of the nose in 7 to 12 year old children, and to identify factors that may influence those parameters. Specifically we investigated the effect of passive smoking at home, body mass, presence of allergies, and history of removal of the tonsils, controlling for the age, gender and race of the child. Fifty-four children participated in the study. Five consecutive nasal measurements were taken from each nostril in one visit, using the acoustic reflection technique (acoustic rhinometry). The nasal volume and the cross-sectional area were computed from the nasal readings. We observed that the minimal cross sectional area is located at the laminal valve, which has been considered one of the main anatomical structures that affect the regulation of breathing in the anterior part of the nose. We also concluded that body mass and exposure to environmental tobacco by-products play a significant role in determining reductions in a child's nasal volume. The clinical significance of such a finding and its effect to the normal craniofacial development of a growing child may force parents to reconsider smoking while at home.
本研究的目的是评估7至12岁儿童的鼻腔容积和鼻腔横截面积，并确定可能影响这些参数的因素。具体而言，我们调查了家庭中被动吸烟、体重、过敏情况以及扁桃体切除史对这些参数的影响，并对儿童的年龄、性别和种族进行了控制。54名儿童参与了该研究。在一次就诊中，使用声反射技术（鼻声反射测量法）从每个鼻孔连续进行5次鼻腔测量。根据鼻腔测量数据计算出鼻腔容积和横截面积。我们观察到最小横截面积位于鼻瓣膜处，鼻瓣膜被认为是影响鼻腔前部呼吸调节的主要解剖结构之一。我们还得出结论，体重和接触环境烟草副产品在决定儿童鼻腔容积减少方面起着重要作用。这一发现的临床意义及其对成长中儿童正常颅面发育的影响可能会促使家长重新考虑在家中吸烟的问题。
