Nixon R A
Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York University Medical Center, Orangeburg 10962, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1998 Feb;10(1):87-92. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(98)80090-2.
Once presumed to be relatively uniform, the axonal cytoskeleton can vary markedly in size and composition along its length. New studies emphasize the interactiveness of neurofilaments and identify a family of cytoskeletal proteins that may cross-link the various cytoskeletal polymers of the axon, and anchor this network to the membrane skeleton. These and other findings support a model of the axonal cytoskeleton as a stationary but dynamic structure. Current evidence continues to support the possibility that axonally transported polymers/oligomers and/or monomers may serve as precursors to the cytoskeleton in different situations. Although the motors for slow transport of cytoskeletal proteins remain elusive, possible candidates are emerging.
轴突细胞骨架曾被认为相对统一，但其大小和组成沿轴突长度会有显著变化。新的研究强调了神经丝的相互作用，并鉴定出一类细胞骨架蛋白，这类蛋白可能会交联轴突的各种细胞骨架聚合物，并将这个网络锚定到膜骨架上。这些发现以及其他发现支持了轴突细胞骨架是一个静止但动态的结构的模型。目前的证据继续支持这样一种可能性，即在不同情况下，轴突运输的聚合物/寡聚物和/或单体可能作为细胞骨架的前体。尽管细胞骨架蛋白慢速运输的驱动蛋白仍然难以捉摸，但可能的候选者正在出现。
