Meng W, Schindler A
Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechselkrankheiten, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald.
Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich. 1997 Dec;91(8):751-6.
Germany is an iodine deficiency area with endemic goitre. The prophylactic procedures which have been initiated gradually since 1983, were different between the eastern and western part of Germany. In East Germany iodine supply could be improved by "mandatory prophylaxis" until 1989. However, after the reunification of Germany and the adaption of the "voluntary principle", the iodine intake decreased again. In December 1993, new regulations concerning iodized salt became effective (so called "2nd decree") combined with a relaxation of the declaration of duty. This relaxation considerably contributed to the significant increase in iodized salt utilisation in food production. The rise of iodine content of food and breast milk, the higher iodine intake with food, the decrease of fetal thyroid volume and the increase in renal iodine excretion are clear indicators of a better iodine supply. However, the desired target figures have not been obtained yet.
德国是一个存在地方性甲状腺肿的碘缺乏地区。自1983年以来逐步启动的预防措施，在德国东部和西部有所不同。在东德，直到1989年通过“强制预防”碘供应得以改善。然而，德国统一并采用“自愿原则”后，碘摄入量再次下降。1993年12月，有关加碘盐的新规定生效（所谓的“第二项法令”），同时放宽了申报义务。这种放宽极大地促进了加碘盐在食品生产中的利用率显著提高。食物和母乳中碘含量的上升、食物中碘摄入量的增加、胎儿甲状腺体积的减小以及肾脏碘排泄量的增加，都是碘供应改善的明显指标。然而，尚未达到理想的目标数值。
