Barnes J, Stein A, Smith T, Pollock J I
Leopold Muller University Department of Child and Family Mental Health, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.
J R Soc Med. 1997 Oct;90(10):551-9. doi: 10.1177/014107689709001007.
Despite widespread advocacy of breast feeding, many babies are breast fed only briefly, if at all. Mothers' decisions on how to feed are often made before the birth; so we have sought demographic, social and psychological factors that might be amenable to intervention during pregnancy. In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood about 12,000 women completed questionnaires in pregnancy. Univariate analyses were carried out to establish which factors were related to breast feeding intentions. All significant factors in univariate analyses were entered into logistic regression analyses. Demographic characteristics independently related to intentions to breast feed included older maternal age, more maternal education, primiparity and not smoking; in previous work all these had been associated with actual feeding behaviour. Social relationship variables had a small influence. Of the psychological variables, a notable finding was that women who were preoccupied with their body shape and those who expressed controlling, less child-centred, responses to managing an infant in the postnatal months were less likely to express intentions to breast feed. Depression did not predict breast feeding intentions once the other factors had been taken into account. Health care professionals may be able to intervene to increase breast feeding by making routine enquiries during antenatal care and targeting appropriate subgroups.
尽管母乳喂养得到了广泛倡导，但许多婴儿即使有过母乳喂养，时间也很短暂。母亲关于如何喂养的决定往往在分娩前就已做出；因此，我们一直在寻找在孕期可能适合进行干预的人口统计学、社会和心理因素。在雅芳孕期与儿童纵向研究中，约12000名女性在孕期完成了问卷调查。进行单因素分析以确定哪些因素与母乳喂养意愿相关。单因素分析中所有显著因素都被纳入逻辑回归分析。与母乳喂养意愿独立相关的人口统计学特征包括产妇年龄较大、受教育程度较高、初产和不吸烟；在之前的研究中，所有这些都与实际喂养行为有关。社会关系变量影响较小。在心理变量方面，一个值得注意的发现是，那些过分关注自己体型的女性，以及那些在产后几个月对照顾婴儿表现出控制欲、较少以孩子为中心的女性，表达母乳喂养意愿的可能性较小。一旦考虑了其他因素，抑郁并不能预测母乳喂养意愿。医疗保健专业人员或许能够通过在产前护理期间进行常规询问并针对适当的亚组进行干预，来增加母乳喂养率。
