Cicchetti D, Toth S L
Mt. Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, NY 14608, USA.
Am Psychol. 1998 Feb;53(2):221-41. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.53.2.221.
In recent decades, research on child and adolescent depression has proliferated. Currently, attention in the field is directed toward examining the epidemiology, causes, course, sequelae, and treatment response of children at risk for developing or presently experiencing depressive disorders. In this article, a developmental psychopathology approach is used to elucidate the development of depressive disorders, the diverse pathways that evolve, and the processes that contribute to varied outcomes. The developmental psychopathology perspective underscores the importance of moving beyond the identification of isolated aberrations in psychological and biological components of depressive presentations to the understanding of how those components have evolved and how they are integrated within and transact across biological, psychological, and social systems. Implications for prevention and intervention are addressed as is the importance of increasing the public awareness of depressive disorders and reducing the social stigma that interfere with the attainment of treatment for depressed persons.
近几十年来，关于儿童和青少年抑郁症的研究大量涌现。目前，该领域的注意力集中在研究有患抑郁症风险或正在经历抑郁症的儿童的流行病学、病因、病程、后遗症及治疗反应。在本文中，采用发展心理病理学方法来阐明抑郁症的发展、演变的不同途径以及导致不同结果的过程。发展心理病理学视角强调，重要的是超越对抑郁表现的心理和生物学成分中孤立异常的识别，转而理解这些成分是如何演变的，以及它们如何在生物、心理和社会系统中整合并相互作用。文中讨论了预防和干预的意义，以及提高公众对抑郁症的认识和减少妨碍抑郁症患者获得治疗的社会污名的重要性。
