Gray G
Department of Political Science, Faculty of Arts, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT.
Int J Health Serv. 1998;28(1):107-25. doi: 10.2190/PCPL-8XA9-WKXU-D1A3.
A National Women's Health Policy was launched in Australia in 1989, and Australia became the only country to have a comprehensive policy on women's health. The policy is intended to provide a framework for decision-making in both mainstream and separate women's health services. The author examines the forces and factors that led to the formulation and adoption of the policy, then addresses the question of why Australia is alone in choosing a national policy as a focus for women's health action. A number of key influences, either absent or weaker in comparable countries, worked together to facilitate policy development. The activities of women working in a number of arenas coincided with the election of relatively supportive governments, creation of women's policy machinery in bureaucracies, employment of feminists in key positions, and opportunities for policy expansion afforded by federalism. These influences, within the Australian ideological context of strong support for social liberalism, account for the country's distinctive policy position.
1989年，澳大利亚出台了一项国家妇女健康政策，澳大利亚成为唯一拥有全面妇女健康政策的国家。该政策旨在为主流和独立的妇女健康服务决策提供一个框架。作者审视了导致该政策制定和采纳的力量与因素，接着探讨了为何澳大利亚在选择将国家政策作为妇女健康行动重点方面独树一帜。在可比国家中不存在或影响力较弱的一些关键因素共同作用，推动了政策的发展。在多个领域工作的女性活动，与相对支持的政府当选、官僚机构中妇女政策机制的建立、关键职位上女权主义者的任职以及联邦制提供的政策扩展机会相契合。在澳大利亚大力支持社会自由主义的意识形态背景下，这些因素解释了该国独特的政策立场。
