Eastman P S, Shapiro D E, Coombs R W, Frenkel L M, McSherry G D, Britto P, Herman S A, Sperling R S
Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1998 Mar;177(3):557-64. doi: 10.1086/514228.
Maternal samples were assessed from 96 women enrolled in Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 076 to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotypic zidovudine resistance at entry, if zidovudine resistance developed on study, and the role of zidovudine resistance in vertical transmission of HIV-1 despite zidovudine therapy. Low and high levels of genotypic resistance were assessed by differential hybridization, oligoligation, or direct sequencing of plasma HIV-1 RNA for codons K70R and T215Y/F. None of the women had high-level genotypic resistance to zidovudine at study entry or delivery. For low-level zidovudine resistance, the 95% confidence intervals were 0.3%-6.8% for baseline prevalence and 0.3%-14% for delivery incidence. Low-level zidovudine resistance, adjusted for plasma viral RNA level at delivery, was not strongly associated with an increase in vertical transmission risk (odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-131; P = .35).
对参加儿童艾滋病临床试验组076号方案的96名女性的母体样本进行了评估，以确定入组时1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）基因型齐多夫定耐药性的流行情况、研究期间是否出现齐多夫定耐药性，以及尽管接受了齐多夫定治疗，齐多夫定耐药性在HIV-1垂直传播中的作用。通过对血浆HIV-1 RNA的密码子K70R和T215Y/F进行差异杂交、寡核苷酸连接或直接测序，评估基因型耐药性的低水平和高水平。在研究入组或分娩时，没有女性对齐多夫定具有高水平的基因型耐药性。对于低水平的齐多夫定耐药性，基线患病率的95%置信区间为0.3%-6.8%，分娩时发病率的95%置信区间为0.3%-14%。根据分娩时血浆病毒RNA水平进行调整后，低水平的齐多夫定耐药性与垂直传播风险增加没有密切关联（优势比为4.8；95%置信区间为0.2-131；P = 0.35）。
