Harooni M, McMillan T, Refojo M
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Retina. 1998;18(1):16-22. doi: 10.1097/00006982-199801000-00004.
To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of hyaluronidase in producing liquefaction resulting in a posterior vitreous detachment.
Fifteen young pigmented rabbits were randomized into 3 groups that received 5 (group 1), 10 (group 2), or 20 (group 3) IU of hyaluronidase. The fellow eyes were injected with a volumetric equivalent dose of balanced salt solution as control. The rabbits were followed for 9 weeks and examined for signs of ocular and retinal toxicity. The animals were then euthanized and their eyes were examined histologically.
Biomicroscopic evaluation in all but one rabbit revealed no evidence of ocular toxicity. One rabbit showed evidence of vitreous traction on the retina with transient retinal elevation. Biomicroscopically and histologically, all rabbits in group 3 and four of five rabbits in group 2 had evidence of a posterior vitreous detachment.
Intravitreal injection of hyaluronidase in doses of 10 IU or higher induces posterior vitreous detachment in rabbits over a period of 5 weeks. Intravitreal doses of 20 IU or less do not appear to affect the biomicroscopic morphology or function of ocular structures adversely. Injections of hyaluronidase, therefore, could be considered as an alternative or adjunct to conventional mechanical vitrectomy.
研究玻璃体内注射透明质酸酶产生液化导致玻璃体后脱离的有效性和安全性。
将15只年轻有色家兔随机分为3组，分别接受5（第1组）、10（第2组）或20（第3组）国际单位的透明质酸酶注射。对侧眼注射等量体积的平衡盐溶液作为对照。对家兔进行9周的随访，并检查眼部和视网膜毒性迹象。然后对动物实施安乐死，并对其眼睛进行组织学检查。
除1只家兔外，所有家兔的生物显微镜评估均未发现眼部毒性迹象。1只家兔出现玻璃体对视网膜的牵拉，伴有视网膜短暂抬高。在生物显微镜和组织学检查中，第3组的所有家兔以及第2组5只家兔中的4只均有玻璃体后脱离的迹象。
玻璃体内注射10国际单位或更高剂量的透明质酸酶可在5周内诱导家兔发生玻璃体后脱离。20国际单位或更低的玻璃体内剂量似乎不会对眼部结构的生物显微镜形态或功能产生不利影响。因此，透明质酸酶注射可被视为传统机械性玻璃体切除术的替代方法或辅助方法。
