Clarke L
Faculty of Health, University of Brighton, UK.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 1997 Dec;4(6):407-16. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2850.1997.00088.x.
The issue of consistency in human personality is reviewed. Attention is given to personality both as a fixed entity and as something mediated by situational factors. Mischel's reinvention of the person-situation debate is noted as well as the seminal contributions of Allport, Eysenck and the 'forgotten figure' of Henry Murray. The discussion is resolved largely in favour of 'the whole person' in psychology but not before central issues of conflict, consistency and fulfillment are accounted for. In particular, the manner by which an evolving 'scientific' psychology chooses to ignore person psychology is seen to be pertinent. The topic is especially relevant to those psychiatric practitioners who espouse a whole person or 'fulfillment psychology' in their practice. However, the overall intention is to reintroduce material that extends the usual humanistic confines of the discussion.
本文回顾了人格一致性的问题。研究重点关注了人格作为一个固定实体以及由情境因素所介导的特质。文中提到了米歇尔对人与情境之争的重新诠释，以及奥尔波特、艾森克和亨利·默里这位“被遗忘的人物”所做出的开创性贡献。讨论在很大程度上支持心理学中的“完整的人”这一观点，但在此之前，冲突、一致性和成就等核心问题都已得到考量。特别是，不断发展的“科学”心理学选择忽视人格心理学的方式被认为是相关的。该主题对于那些在实践中支持“完整的人”或“成就心理学”的精神科医生尤为重要。然而，总体目的是重新引入拓展了通常讨论的人文主义范畴的材料。
