Eisenberg V H, Schenker J G
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1998 Jan;60(1):51-7. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7292(97)00231-2.
Genetic material donation has become an integral part of the management of infertility. Sperm, oocyte and pre-embryo donation are successful both medically and technically. The practice of genetic material donation raises ethical, legal, religious and social issues. The practice of pre-embryo donation raises several unique issues, such as the status of the pre-embryo and its well-being. Medical problems which need to be considered include selection of the donors, evaluation of the recipients and quality control of the genetic material. The relationship between the biological and social parents, and the safeguarding of the interests of the offspring, may be resolved by specific legislation pertaining to each country. Potential pre-embryo banks should be subjected to licensing and should not be run by a commercial system. By practicing pre-embryo donation, the medical profession and society should consider not only the interests of the infertile couple, but also the interests of the offspring.
遗传物质捐赠已成为不孕症治疗不可或缺的一部分。精子、卵子和胚胎前体捐赠在医学和技术上都很成功。遗传物质捐赠引发了伦理、法律、宗教和社会问题。胚胎前体捐赠引发了一些独特的问题，比如胚胎前体的地位及其福祉。需要考虑的医学问题包括捐赠者的选择、受赠者的评估以及遗传物质的质量控制。生物学父母和社会父母之间的关系以及后代利益的保护，可通过各国的具体立法来解决。潜在的胚胎前体库应获得许可，且不应由商业系统运营。通过实施胚胎前体捐赠，医学界和社会不仅应考虑不孕夫妇的利益，还应考虑后代的利益。
