Skadberg B T, Morild I, Markestad T
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Bergen, Norway.
J Pediatr. 1998 Feb;132(2):340-3. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70456-1.
This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effect of a campaign to avoid prone sleeping on the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) mortality rate and on parents' choice of sleeping position for young infants. Before the campaign, 64% of infants usually slept prone and the SIDS rate was 3.5 (95% CI, 2.64 to 4.36) per 1000 live births.
Population-based case reference study of infants dying suddenly and unexpectedly at the ages of 1 week to 1 year, and of 493 healthy infants between 2 and 6 months of age, starting 4 years after an intervention program to avoid prone sleeping.
The SIDS rate was 0.3 per 1000 live births (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.54). One of five (20%) SIDS victims usually slept prone, three of five (60%) were placed prone for their last sleep, and five of six were found dead in the prone position. Of the reference infants, 1.4% were usually placed prone to sleep, although all had previously accepted a non-prone position. Nearly half of the infants (49.1%) were usually placed supine, 22.7% usually on the side, and 26.8% in variable positions of which 2.0% occasionally included prone. The side position was the least stable position. After the age of 1 week, 59.4% of infants had been found with their heads covered on at least one occasion.
SIDS is rare when prone sleeping is avoided. Infants at the age of particular risk for SIDS may spontaneously turn from the side to the prone position, and they commonly slip under the bedding during sleep.
本研究旨在评估一项避免俯卧睡眠运动对婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）死亡率以及父母为幼儿选择睡眠姿势的长期影响。在该运动开展之前，64%的婴儿通常俯卧睡眠，SIDS发生率为每1000例活产中有3.5例（95%可信区间，2.64至4.36）。
基于人群的病例对照研究，对象为1周龄至1岁意外猝死的婴儿，以及493名2至6月龄的健康婴儿，研究始于一项避免俯卧睡眠的干预项目开展4年后。
SIDS发生率为每1000例活产中有0.3例（95%可信区间，0.05至0.54）。五分之一（20%）的SIDS受害者通常俯卧睡眠，五分之三（60%）在最后一次睡眠时被放置为俯卧位，六分之五被发现死于俯卧位。在对照婴儿中，1.4%通常被放置为俯卧睡眠，尽管他们之前都接受过非俯卧位。近一半的婴儿（49.%%）通常仰卧，22.7%通常侧卧，26.8%处于可变姿势，其中2.0%偶尔包括俯卧。侧卧是最不稳定的姿势。1周龄后，59.4%的婴儿至少有一次被发现头部被覆盖。
避免俯卧睡眠时SIDS罕见。处于SIDS特别风险年龄的婴儿可能会自发地从侧卧转为俯卧位，并且他们在睡眠期间通常会滑到被褥下面。
