Otsuka N, Yoshitomi T, Tsuchiya K, Ukai K, Ishikawa S
Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1998 Jan-Feb;42(1):66-70. doi: 10.1016/s0021-5155(97)00106-8.
In an attempt to clarify the functional role of adrenoceptors in accommodation, the effects of various adrenergic agents on the state of accommodation were studied. Fifty-two emmetropic, visually normal subjects (24.6 +/- 0.42 years old) participated in this study. Using an infrared optometer, the far and near points of accommodation were measured by a quasistatic method. Tonic accommodation and accommodative adaptation were also investigated. All these parameters were measured before and after topical application of various adrenergic agents. Both bunazosin hydrochloride (0.1%) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (5%) had no effect on tonic accommodation and accommodative adaptation. However, bunazosin hydrochloride increased the near point of accommodation. Timolol maleate (0.5%) and isoproterenol hydrochloride (3.0%) did not affect tonic accommodation. Isoproterenol hydrochloride evoked a hyperopic shift of the far point of accommodation by 0.23 +/- 0.42 diopters (D). Additionally, accommodative adaptation was increased by timolol maleate (0.36 +/- 0.62 D) and decreased by isoproterenol hydrochloride (0.18 +/- 0.48 D). These results indicate that both alpha and beta adrenoceptors affect accommodation. Activation of alpha adrenoceptors increased the near point of accommodation and activation of beta adrenoceptors decreased accommodative adaptation, which suggests that activation of adrenoceptors may modify parasympathetic activity; hence, affecting the state of accommodation.
为了阐明肾上腺素能受体在调节中的功能作用，研究了各种肾上腺素能药物对调节状态的影响。52名屈光正常、视力正常的受试者（24.6±0.42岁）参与了本研究。使用红外验光仪，通过准静态方法测量调节的远点和近点。还研究了张力性调节和调节适应性。在局部应用各种肾上腺素能药物之前和之后测量所有这些参数。盐酸布那唑嗪（0.1%）和盐酸去氧肾上腺素（5%）对张力性调节和调节适应性均无影响。然而，盐酸布那唑嗪增加了调节近点。马来酸噻吗洛尔（0.5%）和盐酸异丙肾上腺素（3.0%）不影响张力性调节。盐酸异丙肾上腺素使调节远点产生0.23±0.42屈光度（D）的远视性移位。此外，马来酸噻吗洛尔增加了调节适应性（0.36±0.62 D），而盐酸异丙肾上腺素降低了调节适应性（0.18±0.48 D）。这些结果表明，α和β肾上腺素能受体均影响调节。α肾上腺素能受体的激活增加了调节近点，β肾上腺素能受体的激活降低了调节适应性，这表明肾上腺素能受体的激活可能改变副交感神经活动；因此，影响调节状态。
