Otsuka N, Yoshitomi T, Tsuchiya K, Ukai K, Ishikawa S
Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kitasaio University, Kanagawa-ken, Japan.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1997 May;101(5):400-6.
In an attempt to clarify the functional role of adrenergic receptors on accommodation, effects of various adrenergic agents on the state of accommodation were studied. Fifty-two emmetropic normal subjects (age: 19-28 y) participated in this study. We examined the effect of the alpha agonist phenylephrine hydrochloride (5%), the alpha 1 antagonist adrenergic bunazosin hydrochloride (0.1%), the beta antagonist timolol maleate (0.5%), the beta 2 antagonist betaxolal hydrochloride (0.5%), and the beta agonist isoproterenol hydrochloride (3%). Using an infrared optometer, the refraction, far point and near point of accommodation, resting point of accommodation (empty-field accommodation and dark focus of accommodation), and accommodative adaptation were measured before and after topical application of various adrenergic agents. Application of bunazosin slightly but significantly decreased the near point of accommodation. Isoproterenol evoked a hyperopic shift on the far point of accommodation. None of the agents had any effect on the resting point of accommodation. Accommodative adaptation was increased by timolol and betaxolol, and decreased by isoproterenol. We surmised that beta adrenergic agents exerted an indirect influence on the parasympathetic nervous system. The activation of beta receptors produced a hyperopic shift on the far point of accommodation and decreased accommodative adaptation, which suggests that activation of adrenergic receptors may reduce parasympathetic activity, hence affecting the state of accommodation.
为了阐明肾上腺素能受体在调节方面的功能作用，研究了各种肾上腺素能药物对调节状态的影响。52名正视正常受试者（年龄：19 - 28岁）参与了本研究。我们检测了α激动剂盐酸去氧肾上腺素（5%）、α1拮抗剂盐酸布那唑嗪（0.1%）、β拮抗剂马来酸噻吗洛尔（0.5%）、β2拮抗剂盐酸倍他洛尔（0.5%）以及β激动剂盐酸异丙肾上腺素（3%）的作用。使用红外验光仪，在局部应用各种肾上腺素能药物前后，测量屈光、调节近点和远点、调节静止点（视野调节静止和调节暗焦点）以及调节适应。应用布那唑嗪使调节近点略有但显著降低。异丙肾上腺素使调节远点出现远视性偏移。这些药物均对调节静止点无任何影响。噻吗洛尔和倍他洛尔增加了调节适应，而异丙肾上腺素则降低了调节适应。我们推测β肾上腺素能药物对副交感神经系统产生间接影响。β受体的激活在调节远点产生远视性偏移并降低调节适应，这表明肾上腺素能受体的激活可能会降低副交感神经活动，从而影响调节状态。
