Turner C M, Adler P N
Biology Department and Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA.
Mech Dev. 1998 Jan;70(1-2):181-92. doi: 10.1016/s0925-4773(97)00194-9.
We have found that the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons have overlapping, but distinct roles in the morphogenesis of epidermal hairs during Drosophila wing development. The function of both the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons appears to be required for the growth of wing hairs, as treatment of cultured pupal wings with either cytochalasin D or vinblastine was able to slow prehair extension. At higher doses a complete blockage of hair development was seen. The microtubule cytoskeleton is also required for localizing prehair initiation to the distalmost part of the cell. Disruption of the microtubule cytoskeleton resulted in the development of multiple prehairs along the apical cell periphery. The multiple hair cells were a phenocopy of mutations in the inturned group of tissue polarity genes, which are downstream targets of the frizzled signaling/signal transduction pathway. The actin cytoskeleton also plays a role in maintaining prehair integrity during prehair development as treatment of pupal wings with cytochalasin D, which inhibits actin polymerization, led to branched prehairs. This is a phenocopy of mutations in crinkled, and suggests mutations that cause branched hairs will be in genes that encode products that interact with the actin cytoskeleton.
我们发现，肌动蛋白和微管细胞骨架在果蝇翅膀发育过程中表皮毛的形态发生中具有重叠但不同的作用。肌动蛋白和微管细胞骨架的功能似乎都是翅毛生长所必需的，因为用细胞松弛素D或长春花碱处理培养的蛹翅能够减缓毛原基的延伸。在较高剂量下，可见毛发发育完全受阻。微管细胞骨架对于将毛原基起始定位到细胞的最远端部分也是必需的。微管细胞骨架的破坏导致沿着顶端细胞周边发育出多个毛原基。多个毛细胞是组织极性基因内翻组突变的表型模拟，这些基因是卷曲信号/信号转导途径的下游靶点。肌动蛋白细胞骨架在毛原基发育过程中维持毛原基完整性方面也发挥作用，因为用抑制肌动蛋白聚合的细胞松弛素D处理蛹翅会导致毛原基分支。这是皱缩突变的表型模拟，并表明导致毛发分支的突变将存在于编码与肌动蛋白细胞骨架相互作用产物的基因中。
