Kiljunen M, Sulkava R, Niinistö L, Polvikoski T, Verkkoniemi A, Halonen P
Department of Public Health and General Practice, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Int Psychogeriatr. 1997 Sep;9(3):359-68. doi: 10.1017/s1041610297004493.
The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a representative sample of elderly subjects aged 85 years and over. The study was carried out as a population-based interview study in the City of Vantaa in Finland. The Zung Depression Status Inventory (DSI) was used to evaluate various depressive symptoms in this study population. The DSI scores range from 20 to 80; the higher the score, the more severe the disturbance. In subjects interviewed (n = 467, 362 women, 105 men), the prevalence estimates of depression with cutoff scores used in earlier studies (40 and 48) were very low: 5.2% and 1.1%. Also, the mean DSI score (SD) was very low, 27.9 (6.4). The scores tended to decrease with age, although the differences were not statistically significant. The DSI means were 28.0 (6.1) for women and 27.3 (7.2) for men (p = .0349). Women had a greater risk of being classified as depressed on the DSI (odds ratio: 1.60, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-2.57, p = .049). Feelings of emptiness, personal devaluation, and depressive mood were the most common depressive symptoms. In conclusion, the present population-based study shows that subjective experience of depression is very rare in Finnish people aged 85+. Our results suggest that optimistic mood might give some protection against death.
本研究的目的是获取有关85岁及以上老年受试者代表性样本中抑郁症状患病率的信息。该研究作为一项基于人群的访谈研究在芬兰万塔市开展。本研究中使用zung抑郁状态量表（DSI）评估各种抑郁症状。DSI评分范围为20至80分；分数越高，干扰越严重。在接受访谈的受试者（n = 467，女性362名，男性105名）中，采用早期研究中使用的临界值分数（40和48）得出的抑郁症患病率估计值非常低：分别为5.2%和1.1%。此外，DSI平均得分（标准差）非常低，为27.9（6.4）。尽管差异无统计学意义，但分数有随年龄降低的趋势。女性的DSI平均分为28.0（6.1），男性为27.3（7.2）（p = 0.0349）。女性在DSI上被归类为抑郁的风险更高（优势比：1.60，95%置信区间：1.00 - 2.57，p = 0.049）。空虚感、自我贬低和抑郁情绪是最常见的抑郁症状。总之，目前这项基于人群的研究表明，85岁以上的芬兰人很少有抑郁的主观体验。我们的结果表明，乐观情绪可能对预防死亡有一定作用。
