Takeshita T, Maruyama S, Morimoto K
Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Feb;22(1):115-20.
The effects of genetic polymorphisms in the ALDH2 and ADH2 genes and stress levels, as assessed by the daily hassles scale on the prevalence of problem drinkers, were investigated in males in a Japanese occupational population. The frequency of problem drinkers was estimated by the Kurihama Alcoholism Screening Test (KAST). The prevalence of those with a high KAST score (> or =0.0) was significantly higher in ALDH2*1/1 (18.4%) than in ALDH21/2 (4.8%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significant contributions by levels of alcohol consumption, the ALDH2 genotype, and daily hassles to the prevalence of those with a high KAST score. When we analyzed the data for each ALDH2 genotype, heavier alcohol consumption (> or =28.8 ml/day), older age (> or =40 years old), and very high daily hassles levels (> or =20) significantly increased the prevalence of problem drinkers in ALDH21/1. On the contrary, no variables other than heavier alcohol consumption influenced the prevalence in ALDH21/2. In summary, the present study revealed significant contributions of both daily hassles and the ALDH2 genotype to the increase of problem drinkers in an occupational population. Health promotion activities to prevent from alcohol dependence should focus on ALDH21/*1, especially those of middle age, and should include stress management as a part of their activities.
在日本职业男性人群中，研究了乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）和乙醇脱氢酶2（ADH2）基因的遗传多态性以及通过日常烦恼量表评估的压力水平对问题饮酒者患病率的影响。通过栗原酒精中毒筛查测试（KAST）估算问题饮酒者的频率。KAST评分高（≥0.0）的人群在ALDH2*1/1基因型中的患病率（18.4%）显著高于ALDH21/2基因型（4.8%）。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，饮酒量、ALDH2基因型和日常烦恼程度对KAST评分高的人群的患病率有显著影响。当我们分析每种ALDH2基因型的数据时，饮酒量较大（≥28.8毫升/天）、年龄较大（≥40岁）和日常烦恼程度非常高（≥20）显著增加了ALDH21/1基因型中问题饮酒者的患病率。相反，除饮酒量较大外，没有其他变量影响ALDH21/2基因型中的患病率。总之，本研究表明日常烦恼和ALDH2基因型对职业人群中问题饮酒者的增加均有显著影响。预防酒精依赖的健康促进活动应关注ALDH21/*1基因型人群，尤其是中年人群，并应将压力管理纳入其活动内容。
