Denegri G, Bernadina W, Perez-Serrano J, Rodriguez-Caabeiro F
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, National University of Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1998;45(1):1-8.
Cestodes of the family Anoplocephalidae Cholodkovsky, 1902, in their adult form, parasitize a variety of hosts, including reptiles, birds and mammals. To complete their life cycle, an intermediate host is required. This study gives a critical review of the life cycles of genera principally important to veterinary medicine (but sporadically infecting man): Anoplocephalinae (Anoplocephala, Anoplocephaloides, Bertiella and Moniezia) and Thysanosomatinae (Avitellina, Stilesia, Thysaniezia and Thysanosoma), using data reported by others and our own observations. The accepted paradigm on the biology of the anoplocephalid cestodes is that oribatid mites (Acarina) serve as intermediate hosts. However, as regards the genera Avitellina, Thysaniezia and Thysanosoma, it is still unclear whether oribatid mites are indeed the intermediate hosts, as larval forms (cysticercoids) have also been found in collembolans and psocids. Using the controversial biological cycle of Thysanosoma actinioides (Diesing, 1834), a theoretical methodological research proposal for parasitology was constructed which attempts to define a conceptional mark enabling us to predict and explain the parasite-hosts' related phenomenon. Aspects of this proposal are discussed using the biology of the cestodes of family Anoplocephalidae, as examples.
裸头科（Cholodkovsky，1902）绦虫的成虫寄生于包括爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳动物在内的多种宿主。为完成其生命周期，需要一个中间宿主。本研究利用他人报告的数据和我们自己的观察结果，对主要对兽医学重要（但偶尔感染人类）的属的生命周期进行了批判性综述：裸头亚科（无钩绦虫属、似无钩绦虫属、贝氏绦虫属和莫尼茨绦虫属）和叶槽亚科（禽卵黄腺绦虫属、斯氏绦虫属、叶槽绦虫属和叶槽属）。关于裸头科绦虫生物学的公认范式是甲螨（蜱螨亚纲）作为中间宿主。然而，对于禽卵黄腺绦虫属、叶槽绦虫属和叶槽属，目前仍不清楚甲螨是否确实是中间宿主，因为在弹尾虫和啮虫中也发现了幼虫形式（似囊尾蚴）。利用棘口叶槽绦虫（Diesing，1834）有争议的生物循环，构建了一个寄生虫学的理论方法研究提案，试图定义一个概念性标记，使我们能够预测和解释寄生虫与宿主相关的现象。以裸头科绦虫的生物学为例，讨论了该提案的各个方面。
