Katsetos C D, Karkavelas G, Herman M M, Vinores S A, Provencio J, Spano A J, Frankfurter A
Neuropathology Laboratory, Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Anat Rec. 1998 Mar;250(3):335-43. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199803)250:3<335::AID-AR8>3.0.CO;2-Z.
The class III beta-tubulin isotype (beta III) is present in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems at the earliest stages of morphological differentiation (Easter et al., J Neurosci 13:285-299, 1993; Katsetos et al., J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 52:655-666, 1993). The localization of this protein by immunohistochemistry in the different cell types of the developing human adrenal medulla is described.
A mouse monoclonal antibody, TuJ1, was used to localize beta III in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 18 human fetal and adult adrenal glands. Tissue sections were also studied with rabbit antisera recognizing either S-100 protein or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).
In the developing human adrenal medulla, beta III immunoreactivity was maximal in migrating sympathoadrenal neuroblasts/immature neurons through the end of the second trimester. Clusters of beta III-positive migrating cells, focally forming Homer Wright rosettes, could be identified in a gradient of adrenocortical invasion, i.e., through the permanent cortex and within sinusoids of the fetal cortex en route to the medulla. Outside the adrenal gland, strong beta III staining was observed in peripheral nerve bundles, sympathetic ganglia, and paraganglia at various developmental stages. In adrenal glands from 23 weeks of gestation on, and throughout adult life, all ganglion cells were beta III immunoreactive. In contrast, not all chromaffin cells exhibited beta III staining, but when present, the staining was finely granular. Sustentacular and satellite cells, adrenocortical cells and other mesenchymal elements were betaIII-negative. In sections of fetal and adult adrenal glands, S-100 protein had a sustentacular localization. No GFAP staining was present in sustentacular cells from either fetal or adult adrenals.
In the developing human adrenal medulla, there is a peak of beta III expression during the active wave of migration of sympathetic neuroblasts. In the mature medulla, beta III is invariably present in adrenergic neurons. However, not all chromaffin-like cells express beta III, suggesting that the presence or absence of this protein identifies two subpopulations of chromaffin cells.
Ⅲ类β-微管蛋白异构体（βⅢ）在中枢和外周神经系统神经元形态分化的最早阶段即已存在（伊斯特等人，《神经科学杂志》13:285 - 299，1993年；卡特索斯等人，《神经病理学与实验神经病学杂志》52:655 - 666，1993年）。本文描述了通过免疫组织化学法在发育中的人类肾上腺髓质不同细胞类型中该蛋白的定位情况。
使用小鼠单克隆抗体TuJ1对18例人类胎儿及成人肾上腺经福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的切片中的βⅢ进行定位。组织切片还用识别S - 100蛋白或胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的兔抗血清进行了研究。
在发育中的人类肾上腺髓质，直至妊娠中期结束，βⅢ免疫反应性在迁移的交感肾上腺成神经细胞/未成熟神经元中最高。在肾上腺皮质浸润梯度中，即穿过永久皮质并在胎儿皮质的血窦内朝向髓质的过程中，可识别出βⅢ阳性迁移细胞簇，局部形成霍默·赖特玫瑰花结。在肾上腺外，在不同发育阶段的外周神经束、交感神经节和副神经节中观察到强βⅢ染色。从妊娠23周起直至成年期，所有神经节细胞均为βⅢ免疫反应阳性。相比之下，并非所有嗜铬细胞都表现出βⅢ染色，但如果存在，染色呈细颗粒状。支持细胞和卫星细胞、肾上腺皮质细胞及其他间充质成分均为βⅢ阴性。在胎儿和成人肾上腺切片中，S - 100蛋白定位于支持细胞。胎儿或成人肾上腺的支持细胞中均无GFAP染色。
在发育中的人类肾上腺髓质，交感成神经细胞活跃迁移期βⅢ表达达到峰值。在成熟髓质中，βⅢ始终存在于肾上腺素能神经元中。然而，并非所有嗜铬样细胞都表达βⅢ，这表明该蛋白的有无可区分嗜铬细胞的两个亚群。
