[How was Polish phoniatrics born? (Part III. Jan Siestrzynski, Jozef Frank)].

The last years of Jan Siestrzyński (1788-1824), the first Polish phoniatrist, as a military physician at Końskie are presented. Siestrzyński was the author of a book of "Teorya i mechanizm mowy..." ("Theory and Mechanism of Speech..."), published in 1820. This book was the fundamental work of his life. The publications by Trompeo (1820), Borthwick (1836) and Brück (1856) dealing with similar problems dated later made Siestrzyński one of the first pioneers of European phoniatrists. Siestrzyński's book "O litografii" ("On litography" is briefly presented. The achievements of Józef Frank (1771-1842), who was a professor of Vilnius University, in popularization of the knowledge about speech disorders (especially in his book "Praxeos medicae universae praecepta" were pointed out).