Otake K, Ruggiero D A, Regunathan S, Wang H, Milner T A, Reis D J
Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Cornell University Medical College, 411 East 69th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Brain Res. 1998 Mar 16;787(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01200-6.
The distribution of agmatine (decarboxylated arginine) was mapped in the central nervous system (CNS) in the rat. Agmatine-like immunoreactivity was identified by light microscopy, exclusively in the cytoplasm of neuronal perikarya. Immunoreactive neurons were present in the cerebral cortex, predominantly within laminae VI and V and, to a lesser extent, III and mainly in retrosplenial, cingulate, primary somatosensory and auditory cortices, and the subiculum. In the lower brainstem, immunoreactivity was selectively localized to visceral relay nuclei: the nucleus tractus solitarii and pontine parabrachial complex, and periventricular areas including the laterodorsal nucleus, locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe. In the midbrain, immunolabeled cells were concentrated in the ventral tegmental area and periaqueductal gray. In the forebrain, subcortical neurons were labeled predominantly in the preoptic area, amygdala, septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, midline thalamus, and the hypothalamus. Ultrastructural analysis of layer V of the somatosensory cortex demonstrated agmatine-immunoreactivity in neurons, primarily in large dense-core vesicles located in the cytoplasm. Agmatine immunoreactivity was also affiliated with endoplasmic reticulum and the plasmalemma. Cortical neurons and the subiculum were labeled in animals not administered the axonal transport inhibitor, colchicine; thus, may normally contain higher concentrations of the amine than other brain regions. The central distribution of agmatine is consistent with the hypothesis that the amine may be a novel neurotransmitter of neurons involved in behavioral and visceral control.
在大鼠中枢神经系统（CNS）中绘制了胍丁胺（脱羧精氨酸）的分布图。通过光学显微镜鉴定出胍丁胺样免疫反应性，仅存在于神经元胞体的细胞质中。免疫反应性神经元存在于大脑皮层，主要在VI层和V层内，在III层中程度较轻，主要位于压后皮质、扣带回、初级体感皮质和听觉皮质以及下托。在脑桥下部，免疫反应性选择性地定位于内脏中继核：孤束核和脑桥臂旁复合体，以及包括背外侧核、蓝斑和中缝背核在内的脑室周围区域。在中脑，免疫标记细胞集中在腹侧被盖区和导水管周围灰质。在前脑，皮层下神经元主要在视前区、杏仁核、隔区、终纹床核、中线丘脑和下丘脑被标记。对体感皮层V层的超微结构分析表明，神经元中存在胍丁胺免疫反应性，主要存在于细胞质中的大型致密核心囊泡中。胍丁胺免疫反应性也与内质网和质膜有关。在未给予轴突运输抑制剂秋水仙碱的动物中，皮层神经元和下托被标记；因此，它们可能比其他脑区正常含有更高浓度的胺。胍丁胺的中枢分布与胺可能是参与行为和内脏控制的神经元的新型神经递质这一假设一致。
