不是孔雀鱼，也不是金鱼，而是滚筒式烘干机、诺列加、杰西·杰克逊、女式内裤、车祸、鸟类书籍和史蒂夫·旺德。
Not guppies, nor goldfish, but tumble dryers, Noriega, Jesse Jackson, panties, car crashes, bird books, and Stevie Wonder.
作者信息
Storms G, De Boeck P, Van Mechelen I, Ruts W
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium.
出版信息
Mem Cognit. 1998 Jan;26(1):143-5. doi: 10.3758/bf03211377.
This paper focuses on the guppy effect (Osherson & Smith, 1981), that is, on the existence of examples of conjunctive concepts that are more typical of the conjunction than of both constituents. The most frequently given examples of this effect, guppy and goldfish, are shown not to be more typical of the conjunction pet fish than of fish in two between-subjects and one within-subjects experiment. The frequency of the effect in a large empirical study is investigated, and better examples of the effect are suggested.
本文聚焦于孔雀鱼效应（奥舍尔森和史密斯，1981），即关于合取概念示例的存在，这些示例对于合取概念而言比对于两个构成概念都更具典型性。在两项被试间实验和一项被试内实验中，该效应最常被提及的示例——孔雀鱼和金鱼，被证明对于“宠物鱼”这一合取概念而言并不比对于“鱼”更具典型性。本文还研究了一项大型实证研究中该效应出现的频率，并给出了该效应更好的示例。
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