Everhart J E, Byrd-Holt D, Sonnenberg A
Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892-6600, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Mar 15;147(6):529-36. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009484.
Incidence and risk factors for peptic ulcer disease in the United States have not been well defined. During the 1989 National Health Interview Survey, a population-based sample of 42,392 individuals responded to questions regarding doctor-diagnosed ulcers with confirmation by either an upper gastrointestinal series or endoscopy. Ulcers present during the previous 12 months were considered either incident ulcers if diagnosed during this period or chronic active ulcers if diagnosed more than 12 months before the interview. The incidence of ulcers over the year prior to the interview was 5.27 per 1,000 adults. Whereas incident duodenal ulcer cases represented only 2.4 percent of all persons with a history of duodenal ulcer, the corresponding value for gastric ulcer was 8.7 percent. Risk factors for incident ulcers included increasing age, lower income and educational attainment, and musculoskeletal pain or headache. These were similar to risk factors for chronic active ulcers, except smoking was an additional important risk factor for chronic active ulcers. Thus, incident peptic ulcers are common in the United States but represent a small proportion of persons with a history of ulcer disease. Smoking may be a stronger risk factor for chronic ulcers than for new ulcers.
在美国，消化性溃疡疾病的发病率和风险因素尚未得到明确界定。在1989年全国健康访谈调查中，以人群为基础的42392名个体样本回答了有关医生诊断溃疡的问题，并通过上消化道造影或内窥镜检查进行了确认。在过去12个月中出现的溃疡，如果在此期间被诊断，则被视为新发溃疡；如果在访谈前超过12个月被诊断，则被视为慢性活动性溃疡。访谈前一年溃疡的发病率为每1000名成年人中有5.27例。新发十二指肠溃疡病例仅占所有有十二指肠溃疡病史者的2.4%，而胃溃疡的相应比例为8.7%。新发溃疡的风险因素包括年龄增长、收入和教育程度较低以及肌肉骨骼疼痛或头痛。这些与慢性活动性溃疡的风险因素相似，不同的是吸烟是慢性活动性溃疡的另一个重要风险因素。因此，新发消化性溃疡在美国很常见，但在有溃疡病史的人群中所占比例较小。吸烟可能是慢性溃疡比新发溃疡更强的风险因素。
