Silverstein M D, Heit J A, Mohr D N, Petterson T M, O'Fallon W M, Melton L J
Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
Arch Intern Med. 1998 Mar 23;158(6):585-93. doi: 10.1001/archinte.158.6.585.
The incidence of venous thromboembolism has not been well described, and there are no studies of long-term trends in the incidence of venous thromboembolism.
To estimate the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and to describe trends in incidence.
We performed a retrospective review of the complete medical records from a population-based inception cohort of 2218 patients who resided within Olmsted County, Minnesota, and had an incident deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism during the 25-year period from 1966 through 1990.
The overall average age- and sex-adjusted annual incidence of venous thromboembolism was 117 per 100000 (deep vein thrombosis, 48 per 100000; pulmonary embolism, 69 per 100000), with higher age-adjusted rates among males than females (130 vs 110 per 100000, respectively). The incidence of venous thromboembolism rose markedly with increasing age for both sexes, with pulmonary embolism accounting for most of the increase. The incidence of pulmonary embolism was approximately 45% lower during the last 15 years of the study for both sexes and all age strata, while the incidence of deep vein thrombosis remained constant for males across all age strata, decreased for females younger than 55 years, and increased for women older than 60 years.
Venous thromboembolism is a major national health problem, especially among the elderly. While the incidence of pulmonary embolism has decreased over time, the incidence of deep vein thrombosis remains unchanged for men and is increasing for older women. These findings emphasize the need for more accurate identification of patients at risk for venous thromboembolism, as well as a safe and effective prophylaxis.
静脉血栓栓塞症的发病率尚未得到充分描述，且尚无关于静脉血栓栓塞症发病率长期趋势的研究。
估计深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞的发病率，并描述发病率趋势。
我们对明尼苏达州奥尔姆斯特德县2218例居民的完整医疗记录进行了回顾性研究，这些居民在1966年至1990年的25年期间发生了新发深静脉血栓形成或肺栓塞。
经年龄和性别调整后的静脉血栓栓塞症总体年发病率为每10万人117例（深静脉血栓形成，每10万人48例；肺栓塞，每10万人69例），男性的年龄调整发病率高于女性（分别为每10万人130例和110例）。男女静脉血栓栓塞症的发病率均随年龄增长而显著上升，其中肺栓塞的发病率上升占大部分。在研究的最后15年中，所有年龄段和性别的肺栓塞发病率均下降了约45%，而深静脉血栓形成的发病率在所有年龄段的男性中保持不变，55岁以下女性的发病率下降，60岁以上女性的发病率上升。
静脉血栓栓塞症是一个主要的国家健康问题，尤其是在老年人中。虽然肺栓塞的发病率随时间下降，但深静脉血栓形成的发病率在男性中保持不变，在老年女性中则在上升。这些发现强调了更准确识别静脉血栓栓塞症高危患者以及进行安全有效预防的必要性。
