Schratz W, Wörsdörfer O, Klöckner C, Götze C
Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Klinikum Fulda.
Unfallchirurg. 1998 Jan;101(1):12-7. doi: 10.1007/s001130050226.
Humeral shaft fractures can be treated either conservatively or operatively. Plating of the humerus is the established operative method, but recently interest has also been focussed on intramedullary nailing. Fifty-nine cases of humeral fractures treated with intramedullary nailing (Seidel/Marchetti-Vicenzi/Prévot) from January 1991 to December 1995 (44 fractures after trauma, 11 pathological fractures, 3 pseudarthroses, 1 re-fracture). Closed reduction in 55/59 cases. One infection (soft tissue); 2/48 pseudarthrosis (indication for nailing: pseudarthrosis!). No iatrogenic palsy of the radial nerve. Functional postoperative treatment in all 44 cases of humeral fractures after adequate trauma. One poor functional result: periarticular ossification after retrograde nailing, possibly connected with long-term respiratory treatment after trauma. Treatment of humeral shaft fractures by intramedullary nailing is favoured in our clinic (low complication rates, excellent or good functional results, limited approaches, small scars). Proximal fractures should be treated by the Seidel nail (stable interlocking of the proximal fragment); very distal fractures need Prévot nailing (reaming of condylar canals). All other fractures of the humeral shaft can be treated by each of the implants used in our clinic. Pathological fractures are an excellent indication for intramedullary stabilization. These patients benefit from stable fixation without intense surgical trauma. Pseudarthrosis, according to our limited experience, seems to require plating plus bone grafting. Plating is also recommended if revision of the radial nerve becomes necessary.
肱骨干骨折可以采用保守治疗或手术治疗。肱骨钢板固定是既定的手术方法,但最近髓内钉固定也受到了关注。1991年1月至1995年12月期间,采用髓内钉(赛德尔/马尔凯蒂 - 维琴齐/普雷沃特)治疗了59例肱骨干骨折(44例创伤后骨折,11例病理性骨折,3例假关节,1例再骨折)。59例中有55例采用闭合复位。1例感染(软组织);48例中有2例假关节(髓内钉固定指征:假关节!)。无桡神经医源性麻痹。对所有44例创伤后肱骨干骨折患者术后进行功能治疗。1例功能结果较差:逆行髓内钉固定后关节周围骨化,可能与创伤后长期呼吸治疗有关。在我们诊所,髓内钉固定治疗肱骨干骨折更受青睐(并发症发生率低,功能结果优良,手术入路有限,疤痕小)。近端骨折应采用赛德尔髓内钉治疗(近端骨折块稳定锁定);非常远端的骨折需要采用普雷沃特髓内钉治疗(髁间扩髓)。肱骨干的所有其他骨折都可以用我们诊所使用的每种植入物治疗。病理性骨折是髓内固定的绝佳指征。这些患者受益于稳定的固定,而无需承受强烈的手术创伤。根据我们有限的经验,假关节似乎需要钢板固定加植骨。如果有必要对桡神经进行修复,也建议采用钢板固定。