Landolfi C, Marchetti M, Ciocci G, Milanese C
Angelini Ricerche, S.p.A., Immunopharmacology and Analysis Laboratory, Pomezia, Rome, Italy.
J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 1997 Nov;38(3):169-72. doi: 10.1016/s1056-8719(97)00095-6.
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of zinc metalloenzymes of molecular mass 30-60 kDa; seven different isoenzymes belong to this family (Okuyama et al., 1992, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:1315-1319). They may be broadly recognized according to the efficiency with which they catalyze the reversible interconversion of CO2 and HCO3-, and they differ in physicochemical properties, in sensitivity to various inhibitors and in their subcellular localization; cytoplasmic (CA I, CA II, CA III, and CA VII), cell-surface membrane (CA IV), and mitochondrial (CA V) and secretory (CA VI) isoenzymes have been described. Several methods are reported in the literature for the measure of CA enzymatic activity; they may be broadly divided into two categories: those based on the measure of pH variation (pH-stat and colorimetric assays) (Wu et al., 1993, J Ocular Pharm 9:97-108; Maren, 1991, Molec Pharmacol 41:419-426) and the ones in which CO2 production is measured through pCO2 sensors (Botrè and Botrè, 1990, Anal Biochem 185:254-264).
碳酸酐酶（CAs）是一类分子量为30 - 60 kDa的锌金属酶；该家族有七种不同的同工酶（奥山等人，1992年，《美国国家科学院院刊》89:1315 - 1319）。根据它们催化二氧化碳和碳酸氢根可逆相互转化的效率，可大致识别出这些酶，它们在物理化学性质、对各种抑制剂的敏感性以及亚细胞定位方面存在差异；已描述了细胞质（CA I、CA II、CA III和CA VII）、细胞表面膜（CA IV）、线粒体（CA V）和分泌型（CA VI）同工酶。文献中报道了几种测量碳酸酐酶活性的方法；它们大致可分为两类：基于测量pH变化的方法（pH计法和比色法）（吴等人，1993年，《眼药理学杂志》9:97 - 108；马伦，1991年，《分子药理学》41:419 - 426）以及通过pCO2传感器测量二氧化碳产生量的方法（博特雷和博特雷，1990年，《分析生物化学》185:254 - 264）。
