Downregulation of human FGF8 activity by antisense constructs in murine fibroblastic and human prostatic carcinoma cell systems.

Previously, we described cloning of three alternatively spliced mRNA forms of human FGF8, a, b, and e, of which the b form is the major expressed species in both normal and tumor prostatic epithelial cells. In this report, we describe construction and overexpression of sense and antisense sequences of either the full length FGF8b coding region (215-amino acids or 215aa), 103aa N-terminal part or a smaller N-terminal region (34aa), each including the 23aa putative signal peptide domain, via a retrovirus system. While the morphologic transforming activities of the sense 215aa and 103aa constructs were similar in NIH3T3 cells, 103aa displayed reduced soft agar clonogenic activity. The 34aa construct was practically inert in these assays, although its expression could mimic the ability of 215aa or 103aa in conferring cell growth under reduced serum condition. Overexpression of any of the three constructs in antisense orientation, however, was similarly effective in reversing the morphology and anchorage-independent growth property of FGF8b-transfected NIH3T3 cells. The expression of the antisense 215aa construct significantly reduced the growth rate of the human prostatic carcinoma DU145 cells and inhibited their soft agar clonogenic activity and in vivo tumorigenicity in nude mice. Taken together, these results identify N-terminal portions of FGF8 protein isoform for having the domains necessary for one or more of the biologic effects examined, and suggest that low levels of FGF8 expressed in prostatic epithelial cells may contribute significantly to their growth and tumorigenic properties.