Sidney S, Sternfeld B, Haskell W L, Quesenberry C P, Crow R S, Thomas R J
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, CA, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998 Mar;30(3):427-33. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199803000-00014.
Most studies of physical fitness change have been relatively small, not population-based, and lacking in women and nonwhites. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the 7-yr change in physical fitness in a biracial (black and white) population of young men and women.
We evaluated change in exercise treadmill test performance in a biracial (black and white) population of 1,962 young adults, ages 18-30 yr at baseline, who completed symptom-limited graded exercise treadmill tests at the baseline (1985-1986) and year 7 (1992-1993) examinations of the CARDIA study.
Mean test duration decreased 58 s (9.5%) over 7 yr (black men, 13.6% decrease, white men, 7.4%; black women, 11.1%; white women, 7.0%). Mean time to heart rate 130 (WL130), a measure of submaximal performance, decreased 31 s (11.3%) (black men, 16.9%; white men, 10.0%; black women, 12.3%; white women, 6.1%). Baseline body mass index (BMI) and physical activity were not statistically significant predictors of test duration change in any race-gender group, but change in BMI and activity were. Seven-year weight gain >20 lbs (31% of cohort) was associated with a large decrease in fitness (18.5% decrease in mean duration, 21.8% decrease in WL130).
These data suggest that fitness declines during young adulthood in blacks and whites and that fitness changes are related to changes in weight and physical activity.
大多数关于体能变化的研究规模相对较小，并非基于人群，且缺乏女性和非白人的数据。本分析的目的是评估年轻男性和女性的黑白混血人群在7年中的体能变化。
我们评估了1962名年龄在18至30岁之间的黑白混血年轻成年人的运动平板试验表现变化，这些人在CARDIA研究的基线期（1985 - 1986年）和第7年（1992 - 1993年）检查时完成了症状限制分级运动平板试验。
在7年中，平均试验持续时间减少了58秒（9.5%）（黑人男性减少13.6%，白人男性减少7.4%；黑人女性减少11.1%；白人女性减少7.0%）。达到心率130的平均时间（WL130），这是一种次最大运动表现的指标，减少了31秒（11.3%）（黑人男性减少16.9%，白人男性减少10.0%；黑人女性减少12.3%；白人女性减少6.1%）。基线体重指数（BMI）和身体活动在任何种族 - 性别组中都不是试验持续时间变化的统计学显著预测因素，但BMI和活动的变化是。7年体重增加超过20磅（占队列的31%）与体能大幅下降相关（平均持续时间减少18.5%，WL130减少21.8%）。
这些数据表明，黑人和白人在成年早期体能会下降，且体能变化与体重和身体活动的变化有关。
