Westergaard G C, Kuhn H E, Suomi S J
National Institutes of Health Animal Center, Poolesville, Maryland 20837, USA.
J Comp Psychol. 1998 Mar;112(1):55-64. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.112.1.55.
Hand preference for quadrupedal and bipedal reaching in humans and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) was examined, and the data were compared with postural reaching data that have been reported for 8 other primate species. Population-level biases were found toward use of the right hand for quadrupedal and bipedal reaching in humans and use of the left hand for quadrupedal reaching in rhesus macaques. Rhesus macaques showed a significant shift toward greater use of the right hand for bipedal vs. quadrupedal reaching. Comparisons with other species showed significant variance in the direction and strength of hand preference across reaching postures. The study noted right-hand biases for bipedal reaching in humans, great apes, and tufted capuchins and shifts toward greater use of the right hand for bipedal vs. quadrupedal reaching in great apes, tufted capuchins, and rhesus macaques. These results suggest that posture alters both the direction and strength of primate hand preference and that bipedalism may have facilitated species-typical right-handedness in humans.
研究了人类和恒河猴（猕猴）在四足和双足够物时的用手偏好，并将数据与已报道的其他8种灵长类动物的姿势够物数据进行了比较。结果发现，在人类中，四足和双足够物时存在使用右手的群体水平偏好；在恒河猴中，四足够物时存在使用左手的偏好。恒河猴在双足够物与四足够物时，表现出明显向更多使用右手的转变。与其他物种的比较表明，不同够物姿势下用手偏好的方向和强度存在显著差异。该研究指出，人类、大猩猩和簇绒卷尾猴在双足够物时有右手偏好，大猩猩、簇绒卷尾猴和恒河猴在双足够物与四足够物时向更多使用右手转变。这些结果表明，姿势会改变灵长类动物用手偏好的方向和强度，双足行走可能促进了人类典型的右利手。
