Wingood G M, DiClemente R J
Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-0022, USA.
Int J STD AIDS. 1998 Mar;9(3):139-45. doi: 10.1258/0956462981921891.
The present study examined the correlates of consistent condom use among African-American women and prospectively evaluated the stability of these significant variables to predict consistent condom use at 3-month follow-up. A sample of 128 African-American women, 18-29 years of age completed a baseline interview and 3 months later completed a similar follow-up interview (n = 100). Compared to women who were inconsistent condom users, women who were consistent condom users were more likely to: have high assertive communication skills (OR=13), desire not becoming pregnant (OR=8.6), have high sexual self-control over condom use (OR=7.6), perceive having control over their partners' use of condoms (OR=6.6), be younger (OR=5.8), and report having a partner that was not committed to the relationship (OR=3.3). Prospective analyses identified baseline level of condom use as the best predictor of condom use at 3-month follow-up. Women who were consistent condom users at baseline were 6.3 times as likely to be consistent condom users at 3-month follow-up. In conclusion, HIV prevention programmes for women need to be gender specific and need to be implemented before high-risk behaviours are established and may be more difficult to modify.
本研究调查了非裔美国女性中持续使用避孕套的相关因素，并前瞻性地评估了这些重要变量在3个月随访时预测持续使用避孕套的稳定性。128名年龄在18 - 29岁之间的非裔美国女性样本完成了基线访谈，3个月后完成了类似的随访访谈（n = 100）。与不持续使用避孕套的女性相比，持续使用避孕套的女性更有可能：具备较高的自信沟通技巧（比值比=13）、不想怀孕（比值比=8.6）、在使用避孕套方面有较高的性自我控制能力（比值比=7.6）、认为自己能控制伴侣使用避孕套（比值比=6.6）、年龄较小（比值比=5.8），以及报告有一个对关系不忠诚的伴侣（比值比=3.3）。前瞻性分析确定基线避孕套使用水平是3个月随访时避孕套使用的最佳预测指标。在基线时持续使用避孕套的女性在3个月随访时持续使用避孕套的可能性是前者的6.3倍。总之，针对女性的艾滋病毒预防项目需要具有性别针对性，并且需要在高危行为形成之前实施，因为高危行为一旦形成可能更难改变。
