Killcross A S, Kiernan M J, Dwyer D, Westbrook R F
Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington.
Q J Exp Psychol B. 1998 Feb;51(1):59-74. doi: 10.1080/713932665.
Repeated, non-reinforced preexposure to a context slowed development of conditioned freezing to that context when it was subsequently paired with footshock (latent inhibition) and enhanced discriminability of that context from a similar context (perceptual learning) whether assessed by a generalization test or by explicit discrimination training. Latent inhibition was eliminated by a delay between conditioning sessions and test (Experiments 1a and 1b) and reduced by a delay between preexposure and conditioning (Experiment 2). However, perceptual learning was unaffected by either of these intervals (Experiments 1b and 2). These results are discussed in terms their impact on theories that have latent inhibition as a possible mechanism of perceptual learning, and on theories of latent inhibition that consider the retardation of conditioned responding to be the result of an acquisition failure.
对某一环境进行重复的、无强化的预暴露，当该环境随后与足部电击配对时，会减缓对该环境的条件性冻结反应的发展（潜伏抑制），并且增强该环境与相似环境之间的可辨别性（知觉学习），无论通过泛化测试还是明确的辨别训练来评估。通过在条件作用环节和测试之间设置延迟（实验1a和1b）可消除潜伏抑制，通过在预暴露和条件作用之间设置延迟可减弱潜伏抑制（实验2）。然而，这两个时间间隔对知觉学习均无影响（实验1b和2）。将根据这些结果对以下理论进行讨论：这些理论将潜伏抑制视为知觉学习的一种可能机制，以及将条件反应的延迟视为习得失败结果的潜伏抑制理论。
