McNally Gavan P, Westbrook R Frederick
School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 2006 Apr;32(2):164-72. doi: 10.1037/0097-7403.32.2.164.
Rats were shocked in a context on two occasions and then tested for fear reactions as indexed by freezing. Rats spent the interval between conditioning trials and between conditioning and test in their home cages. A short interval between context-conditioning trials or between trials involving a discrete conditioned stimulus (CS) produced better learning than longer intervals. A short retention interval between conditioning and test produced better performance than longer intervals. The effects of the intertrial interval on learning are the opposite of those reported previously and are opposite to those predicted by contemporary learning theories. The effects of the training to test interval on performance are predicted by Wagner's sometimes opponent process (SOP) theory (Wagner, 1981).
大鼠在某一环境中接受两次电击，然后通过僵立反应来测试恐惧反应。大鼠在条件反射试验之间以及条件反射试验与测试之间的间隔期待在其笼舍中。情境条件反射试验之间或涉及离散条件刺激（CS）的试验之间间隔较短时，比间隔较长时学习效果更好。条件反射与测试之间的保持间隔较短时，比间隔较长时表现更好。试验间隔对学习的影响与之前报道的相反，也与当代学习理论所预测的相反。训练与测试间隔对表现的影响是由瓦格纳的有时对立过程（SOP）理论（瓦格纳，1981年）预测的。
