Conran R M
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799, USA.
Am J Clin Pathol. 1998 Apr;109(4 Suppl 1):S73-81.
Thyroid and adrenal tumors, excluding neuroblastoma, are infrequent in children. Because of the problems involved in applying diagnostic and prognostic criteria developed for adult tumors to pediatric tumors, proper diagnosis of thyroid and adrenal tumors in pediatric patients and proper patient management require close collaboration on the part of clinicians, surgeons, and surgical pathologists. In view of that fact, an approach to handling thyroid and adrenal tumors is presented. Special attention is paid to the following aspects of managing both types of tumors: procedure, fine-needle aspiration, intraoperative consultation (frozen sections), gross examination, histologic examination, special studies, diagnosis, and prognostic features.
甲状腺和肾上腺肿瘤（不包括神经母细胞瘤）在儿童中并不常见。由于将针对成人肿瘤制定的诊断和预后标准应用于儿童肿瘤存在诸多问题，因此，儿科患者甲状腺和肾上腺肿瘤的正确诊断及恰当的患者管理需要临床医生、外科医生和外科病理学家密切合作。鉴于此，本文介绍了一种处理甲状腺和肾上腺肿瘤的方法。对这两类肿瘤管理的以下方面给予了特别关注：手术步骤、细针穿刺抽吸、术中会诊（冰冻切片）、大体检查、组织学检查、特殊检查、诊断及预后特征。
