White E, Crosse M M
Shackleton Department of Anaesthesia, Southampton General Hospital, UK.
Anaesthesia. 1998 Feb;53(2):157-61. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00269.x.
Corneal abrasion is the most frequent ocular complication to occur during the peri-operative period. This review describes the aetiology of corneal abrasions and evaluates the current methods of prevention. Most abrasions are caused by lagophthalmos (failure of the eyelids to close fully) during general anaesthesia, resulting in corneal drying. General anaesthesia reduces both the production and the stability of tears and therefore increases the incidence of this painful condition. Taping the eyelids closed, soft contact lenses, the instillation of aqueous gels or paraffin-based ointments are all effective in preventing corneal abrasions, but ointments are associated with significant morbidity.
角膜擦伤是围手术期最常见的眼部并发症。本文综述了角膜擦伤的病因，并评估了当前的预防方法。大多数擦伤是由全身麻醉期间睑裂闭合不全（眼睑不能完全闭合）导致角膜干燥引起的。全身麻醉会降低泪液的分泌和稳定性，从而增加这种疼痛状况的发生率。粘贴眼睑使其闭合、佩戴软性隐形眼镜、滴注水性凝胶或石蜡基眼膏都能有效预防角膜擦伤，但眼膏会带来明显的并发症。
