Ayangbile O A, Fontenot J P, Graham P P, Kirk D J, Allen V G
Dept. of Anim. and Poultry Sci., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1998 Mar;76(3):686-93. doi: 10.2527/1998.763686x.
Crab waste preserved with .2% NaOCl was mixed with wheat straw, liquid molasses, and water (32:32:16:20, wet basis) and ensiled for a minimum of 8 wk with microbial inoculant. A reduction in pH and water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and a higher concentration of lactic acid (4.9%, DM basis) were achieved. The trimethylamine (TMA) concentration in the silage was 11.2 mg N/100 g. In a digestion trial, 18 crossbred wethers (43 kg) were fed three diets: 1) basal, 2) a 50:50 mixture, DM basis, of basal and crab waste-straw silage, and 3) 100% crab waste-straw silage. Apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, energy, NDF, ADF, cellulose, and hemicellulose decreased linearly (P < .01) with increased levels of crab waste-straw silage. Nitrogen retention increased linearly (P < .05) with level of crab waste-straw silage. Apparent absorption was higher (P < .01) and retention was positive (P < .05) for Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cu, and Fe for sheep fed the highest level of crab waste-straw silage. In a 108-d trial, 30 yearling steers were fed diets in which crab waste-straw silage was included in the diet at 0, 15, and 26%, DM basis. Average daily gain tended to be highest (linear effect, P < .15) and carcass weights were highest (linear effect, P < .05) for steers fed 26% crab waste-straw silage. Average carcass quality grade was low Choice, and yield grade averaged 2.3, with no significant differences among treatments. Consumption of crab waste-straw silage did not adversely affect the taste of the meat. Results indicate that feeding crab waste-straw silage did not adversely affect nutrient utilization or performance of ruminants.
用0.2%次氯酸钠保存的蟹壳废弃物与小麦秸秆、液态糖蜜和水（湿基比例为32:32:16:20）混合，并添加微生物接种剂青贮至少8周。青贮后pH值和水溶性碳水化合物（WSC）降低，乳酸浓度升高（干物质基础下为4.9%）。青贮饲料中三甲胺（TMA）浓度为11.2毫克氮/100克。在一项消化试验中，给18头杂交阉羊（体重43千克）饲喂三种日粮：1）基础日粮；2）基础日粮与蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料按干物质基础50:50混合的日粮；3）100%蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料。随着蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料水平的提高，干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、能量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率呈线性下降（P < 0.01）。氮保留量随蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料水平呈线性增加（P < 0.05）。对于饲喂最高水平蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料的绵羊，钙、镁、钠、钾、铜和铁的表观吸收率更高（P < 0.01），且保留量为正值（P < 0.05）。在一项为期108天的试验中，给30头一岁公牛饲喂日粮，其中蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料在日粮中的添加比例按干物质基础分别为0%、15%和26%。对于饲喂26%蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料的公牛，平均日增重趋于最高（线性效应，P < 0.15），胴体重最高（线性效应，P < 0.05）。平均胴体质量等级为低选择级，产量等级平均为2.3，各处理间无显著差异。蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料的采食对肉的味道没有不利影响。结果表明，饲喂蟹壳废弃物-秸秆青贮饲料对反刍动物的养分利用或生产性能没有不利影响。
