el-Yassin F A, Fontenot J P, Chester-Jones H
Dept. of Anim. Sci., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
J Anim Sci. 1991 Apr;69(4):1751-9. doi: 10.2527/1991.6941751x.
Bovine ruminal contents and blood were ensiled with wheat straw, either untreated or treated with 4% NaOH (DM basis), with and without addition of 5% dry molasses. Proportions of ruminal contents, blood, and straw were 45:15:40, wet basis, respectively. Wheat straw also was ensiled alone, and water was added to attain 43% DM. After 60 d, all silages had a desirable aroma. The pH of the ensiled mixtures of ruminal contents, blood, and untreated straw was 4.43 and 4.56, with and without molasses, respectively. Values for silages containing treated straw, with and without molasses, were 5.95 and 7.37, respectively. All silages had substantial levels of lactic acid (2.4 to 4.9%, DM basis). Addition of molasses increased (P less than .01) lactic acid concentrations. In a metabolism trial, 36 wethers were fed a 50% orchardgrass hay basal diet alone or supplemented with ensiled materials (1:1 ratio, DM basis) such that final diets had about 7 and 4% of their DM from ruminal contents and blood, respectively. Among the diets containing the ensiled mixtures, digestibilities of DM, OM, energy, NDF, ADF, cellulose, and hemicellulose were 6 to 20 percentage units higher (P less than .01) for silages containing treated vs untreated straw. Addition of molasses increased apparent digestibility only of CP and only in sheep fed ensiled mixtures with treated straw (interaction of straw treatment x molasses addition, P less than .05). Nitrogen balance was increased (P less than .05) from 1.6 g/d to 2.9 g/d by NaOH treatment of straw. Metabolizable energy was higher (P less than .05) for diets containing silages with NaOH-treated straw.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
牛的瘤胃内容物和血液与小麦秸秆进行青贮，小麦秸秆未经处理或用4%氢氧化钠（基于干物质）处理，添加或不添加5%的干糖蜜。瘤胃内容物、血液和秸秆的比例按湿基分别为45:15:40。小麦秸秆也单独进行青贮，并添加水使干物质含量达到43%。60天后，所有青贮饲料都有宜人的香气。瘤胃内容物、血液和未处理秸秆的青贮混合物的pH值，添加和不添加糖蜜时分别为4.43和4.56。含处理过秸秆的青贮饲料，添加和不添加糖蜜时的pH值分别为5.95和7.37。所有青贮饲料都含有大量的乳酸（基于干物质为2.4%至4.9%）。添加糖蜜使乳酸浓度增加（P<0.01）。在一项代谢试验中，36只阉羊单独饲喂50%果园草干草基础日粮，或补充青贮材料（基于干物质1:1比例），使最终日粮的干物质中分别约有7%和4%来自瘤胃内容物和血液。在含有青贮混合物的日粮中，与未处理秸秆的青贮饲料相比，含处理过秸秆的青贮饲料对干物质、有机物、能量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、纤维素和半纤维素的消化率高6至20个百分点（P<0.01）。添加糖蜜仅提高了粗蛋白的表观消化率，且仅在饲喂含处理过秸秆的青贮混合物的绵羊中提高（秸秆处理×糖蜜添加的交互作用，P<0.05）。秸秆经氢氧化钠处理后，氮平衡从1.6克/天增加到2.9克/天（P<0.05）。含氢氧化钠处理过秸秆青贮饲料的日粮的代谢能更高（P<0.05）。（摘要截断于250字）
