蛋白质水平和空间分配对生长育肥猪生产性能的影响。

Effect of protein levels and space allocations on performance of growing-finishing pigs.

作者信息

Edmonds M S, Arentson B E, Mente G A

机构信息

Kent Feeds, Inc., Muscatine, IA 52761, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1998 Mar;76(3):814-21. doi: 10.2527/1998.763814x.

DOI:10.2527/1998.763814x

PMID:9535342

Abstract

We conducted two trials with growing-finishing pigs (Pig Improvement Company line 405 x Camborough 15) to evaluate the effects of space allocation on performance and CP requirements. In Trial 1, a 2 x 3 factorial (two levels of space, three CP regimens) was used with 252 pigs. Pigs were allocated to either .23, .28, .37, or .50 m2 per pig (crowded) or .37, .47, .60, or .74 m2 per pig (uncrowded) during the 18 to 36, 36 to 55, 55 to 91, and 91 to 127 kg weight periods, respectively. Diets contained 16.1, 18.6, or 21.1% (18 to 36 kg), 15.3, 17.8, or 20.3% (36 to 55 kg), 14.7, 17.2, or 19.7% (55 to 91 kg), and 12.8, 15.3, or 17.8% (91 to 127 kg) CP. The 16.1, 15.3, 14.7, and 12.8 % CP (control) diets contained 1.09, .86, .82, and .65% lysine, respectively. Crude protein levels (Trials 1 and 2) were achieved by substituting soybean meal for corn. In Trial 1, a CP x space interaction ( P < .03) for gain:feed suggested that feed efficiency of grower pigs was improved to a greater extent in uncrowded pigs than in crowded pigs. Grower pigs (18 to 55 kg) with less space had depressed (P < .05) feed intake and gain and a lower (P < .10) feed efficiency than uncrowded pigs. Added CP improved (P < .05) rate and efficiency of gain in grower pigs. Overall (18 to 127 kg), crowded pigs had reductions (P < .05) in gain (17.6%), feed intake (11.3%), and gain:feed ratio (7.1%) compared to uncrowded pigs. Trial 2 involved 216 finishing pigs in a 2 x 2 factorial (two levels of space, two CP regimens). Pigs were provided with either .37 or .50 m2 per pig (crowded) and .60 or .74 m2 per pig (uncrowded) during the 55 to 91 and 91 to 127 kg weight periods, respectively. The diets contained 14.1 or 17.1% CP (55 to 91 kg) and 12.1 or 15.1% CP (91 to 127 kg). Lysine levels were .67 and .53% for the 14.1 and 12.1% CP diets, respectively. Overall (55 to 127 kg), crowded pigs had depressed (P < .05) gains (15.4%), feed intakes (9.5%), and feed efficiencies (6.8%) compared with uncrowded pigs. Increasing CP resulted in improved (P < .05) ADG (7.4%) and gain:feed (8.3%) in crowded and uncrowded pigs. The data suggest that pigs with lower feed intakes as a result of space restrictions do not have higher CP requirements than those with more space.

摘要

我们用生长育肥猪（猪改良公司405系×坎博罗15系）进行了两项试验，以评估空间分配对生产性能和粗蛋白需求的影响。在试验1中，对252头猪采用2×3析因设计（两个空间水平，三种粗蛋白方案）。在体重18至36千克、36至55千克、55至91千克和91至127千克阶段，猪分别被分配到每头猪0.23、0.28、0.37或0.50平方米（拥挤）或每头猪0.37、0.47、0.60或0.74平方米（不拥挤）的空间。日粮含16.1%、18.6%或21.1%（18至36千克）、15.3%、17.8%或20.3%（36至55千克）、14.7%、17.2%或19.7%（55至91千克）以及12.8%、15.3%或17.8%（91至127千克）的粗蛋白。含16.1%、15.3%、14.7%和12.8%粗蛋白（对照）的日粮分别含1.09%、0.86%、0.82%和0.65%的赖氨酸。粗蛋白水平（试验1和试验2）通过用豆粕替代玉米来实现。在试验1中，增重：饲料的粗蛋白×空间交互作用（P<0.03）表明，与拥挤猪相比，不拥挤猪的生长育肥猪饲料效率提高幅度更大。空间较小的生长育肥猪（18至55千克）采食量和增重降低（P<0.05），饲料效率低于不拥挤猪（P<0.10）。添加粗蛋白提高了（P<0.05）生长育肥猪增重速度和效率。总体而言（18至127千克），与不拥挤猪相比，拥挤猪的增重（17.6%）、采食量（11.3%）和增重：饲料比（7.1%）降低（P<0.05）。试验2涉及216头育肥猪采用2×2析因设计（两个空间水平，两种粗蛋白方案）。在体重55至91千克和91至127千克阶段，猪分别被提供每头猪平均0.37或0.50平方米（拥挤）以及每头猪平均0.60或0.74平方米（不拥挤）的空间。日粮含14.1%或17.1%粗蛋白（55至91千克）以及12.1%或15.1%粗蛋白（91至127千克）。含14.1%和12.1%粗蛋白日粮的赖氨酸水平分别为0.67%和0.53%。总体而言（55至127千克），与不拥挤猪相比，拥挤猪的增重（15.4%）、采食量（9.5%）和饲料效率（6.8%）降低（P<0.05）。增加粗蛋白使拥挤和不拥挤猪的平均日增重（7.4%）和增重：饲料比（8.3%）提高（P<0.05）。数据表明，因空间限制采食量较低的猪，其粗蛋白需求并不高于空间较大的猪。