Holt R, Court P, Vedhara K, Nott K H, Holmes J, Snow M H
Department of Psychology, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
AIDS Care. 1998 Feb;10(1):49-60. doi: 10.1080/09540129850124578.
A qualitative investigation was conducted to explore the role of disclosure in HIV infection. Forty homosexual and bisexual men completed a short demographic questionnaire and participated in a one-to-one, semi-structured interview. The interview was designed to address a variety of personal, interpersonal and organizational issues related to their HIV status and participants were invited to talk about their personal experiences from immediately prior to their diagnosis to the time of the interview. The results from the interviews are presented in three sections: immediately post-diagnosis, asymptomatic phase and symptomatic/AIDS phases. The data revealed that disclosing one's HIV status was an acute and recurrent stressor. Immediately post-diagnosis, individuals were more likely to adopt a policy of non-disclosure and this provided them with an opportunity to come to terms with their diagnosis before having to contend with the reactions of others. After this phase, there was evidence that individuals increasingly used disclosure as a mechanism for coping with the disease. Disclosure of one's status was used to increase both practical and emotional support, share responsibility for sex and to facilitate self-acceptance of one's condition. The results from this investigation revealed that disclosure has a dual role in HIV infection acting as both a stressor and a mechanism by which individuals contend with their infection.
开展了一项定性调查，以探讨披露在艾滋病毒感染中的作用。40名男同性恋者和双性恋男性填写了一份简短的人口统计学调查问卷，并参与了一对一的半结构化访谈。该访谈旨在解决与他们的艾滋病毒感染状况相关的各种个人、人际和组织问题，邀请参与者讲述从确诊前到访谈时的个人经历。访谈结果分为三个部分呈现：确诊后立即出现的情况、无症状阶段和出现症状/艾滋病阶段。数据显示，披露个人的艾滋病毒感染状况是一个尖锐且反复出现的压力源。确诊后立即出现的情况是，个体更有可能采取不披露的策略，这为他们在不得不应对他人反应之前提供了一个接受诊断的机会。在这个阶段之后，有证据表明个体越来越多地将披露作为应对疾病的一种机制。披露个人感染状况被用来增加实际支持和情感支持，分担性行为责任，并促进对自身状况的自我接纳。这项调查的结果显示，披露在艾滋病毒感染中具有双重作用，既是一种压力源，也是个体应对感染的一种机制。
